Intro to Leukocyte Neoplasm (Part 1) (General Info)

Question 1

AML-NOS Minimal Differentiation

Answer 1

M0

Question 2

AML-NOS Without Differentiation

Answer 2

M1

Question 3

AML NOS With Maturation

Answer 3

M2

Question 4

AML With Recurrent Cytogenetic Abnormalities -

Acute promyelocytic Leukemia t(15;17) APL

Answer 4

M3

Question 5

AML-NOS Acute Myelomonocytic Leukemia

AMML

Answer 5

M4

Question 6

AML With Recurrent Cytogenetic Abnormalities

AML With Abnormal Marrow Eosinophils

Answer 6

M4eo

Question 7

AML NOS Acute Monoblastic Leukemia

Answer 7

M5a

Question 8

AML NOS Acute Monocytic Leukemia

Answer 8

M5b

Question 9

AML NOS Acute Erythroleukemia

Answer 9

M6

Question 10

AML NOS Acute Megakaryocytic Leukemia

Answer 10

M7

Question 11

Genes that cause dominant-acting cancer mutations (one copy)

Answer 11

oncogene

Question 12

Codes for a protein found in normal cell cycle regulation. Mutation my form an oncogene and result in disruption of normal cell cycle

Answer 12

proto-oncogene

Question 13

Genes codes for proteins that help cells resist malignant transformation

Answer 13

tumor suppressor gene

Question 14

While oncogenes act in a dominant fashion, tumor suppressor genes transform cells into a malignant phenotype only after _______ _______ have been lost or inactivated. WHAT theory is this?

Answer 14

BOTH alleles

- 2 hit theory (Knudson)

Question 15

Treatment/Therapy: oral or parenteral cancer treatment with compounds that posses anti tumor properties

Answer 15

Chemotherapy

Question 16

Two types of chemotherapy

Answer 16

• Phase Specific

- Phase Nonspecific

Question 17

Treatment/Therapy: use of ionizing energy to kill malignant cells by damaging DNA

Answer 17

Radiation

Question 18

Treatment/Therapy: Involves the use of pharmaceuticals to manage symptoms of malignancies and malignancy treatments including colony stimulating factors and erythropietin

Answer 18

Supportive Therapy

Question 19

Treatment/Therapy: type of medication that blocks growth of cancer cells by interfering with specific target molecules. More effective and less harmful than traditional methods

Answer 19

Targeted Treatment

Question 20

Treatment/Therapy: Replacement of the patient’s hematopoietic stem cells

Answer 20

Stem Cell Transplant

Question 21

Two types of stem cell transplants

Answer 21

Allogeneic

Autologous

Question 22

Donor is genetically different than the patient

Answer 22

Stem Cell Transplant: Allogeneic

Question 23

Patient’s own stem cells are removed, conditioned, and transplanted back into the patient

Answer 23

Stem Cell Transplant: Autologous

Question 24

ACUTE v.s. CHRONIC

- Age of onset

Answer 24

Acute: all ages
Chronic: adult

Question 25

ACUTE v.s. CHRONIC

- Clinical onset

Answer 25

Acute: sudden
Chronic: slow/insidious

Question 26

ACUTE v.s. CHRONIC

- Course if untreated

Answer 26

Acute: < 6 month survival
Chronic: 2-6 years

Question 27

ACUTE v.s. CHRONIC

- Maturity of cells

Answer 27

Acute: Immature
Chronic: Mature

Question 28

ACUTE v.s. CHRONIC

- Anemia

Answer 28

Acute: Mild to severe
Chronic: mild

Question 29

ACUTE v.s. CHRONIC

- Thrombocytopenia

Answer 29

Acute: Mild to severe
Chronic: Mild

Question 30

ACUTE v.s. CHRONIC

- WBC Count

Answer 30

Acute: Variable
Chronic: Increased

Question 31

ACUTE v.s. CHRONIC

- Organomegaly

Answer 31

Acute: Mild
Chronic: Prominent