Intro to disability

Question 1

Disability takes many forms: Explain this statement. 4

Answer 1

1. some are born with or the results of an accident or a disease
2. can be a visible or hidden disability that is not immediately apparent
3. people with disabilities come from all levels of society, from all ages, nationalites, cultures and religions
4. People with disabilities, are above all, people. They share the same fears, prejudices and aspirations as everyone else

Question 2

What are the common causes of disability in SA for Adults? 5

Answer 2

1. Trauma
2. motor vehicle accidents
3. Non-communicable diseases
4. TB
5. HIV

Question 3

What are the common causes of disability in SA for children? 2

Answer 3

1. HIV
2. Malnutrition

Question 4

What are the types of disabilites? 7

Answer 4

1. Difficulty seeing
2. Difficulty moving
3. Difficulty hearing and speaking
4. Mental: difficulty learning, psychiatric, head injured peope
5. Intellectual: difficulty in learning and retaining new information
6. Fits
7. No feeling in hands and feet

Question 5

In terms of duration, disability can be: 3

Answer 5

1. Temporary
2. Permanent
3. Episodic

Question 6

What are levels of disabilities? Elaborate: 6

Answer 6

1. Mild: cannot constitute a disability
2. Moderate: can function independantly
3. Severe: usually requires 24/7 care

Question 7

What are the models of disabillity? 5

Answer 7

1. Moral model
2. Medical model
3. Social model perspective
4. Philantropic/ Charity model of disability
5. Biopsychosocial model

Question 8

Describe the moral model of disability 3

Answer 8

1. People are morally responsible for their impairments as punishments for their misdeeds
2. This model is based on religious myths
3. It is the oldest model of disability

Question 9

According to the moral model of disabillity, impairments are viewed as a result of: 7

Answer 9

1. Sin
2. shame
3. curse
4. punishment
5. suffering
6. deat
7. hell

Question 10

Describe the medical model of disabillity.

Answer 10

Views impairments as a medical problem that belongs to that particular individual

Question 11

Describe the assumptions/ stereotypes linked with the medical model of disabillity: 6

Answer 11

1. Is wheelchair bound
2. Needs help
3. Needs a doctor
4. Can’t think/ hear/ talk/ use hands
5. Needs care
6. Is suffering

Question 12

Describe the philanthropic model of disability. 2

Answer 12

1. Disability is regarded as a tragedy or object of sympathy and charity
2. People with disabilities are pitied/ provided wit hand-outs and cared for in seperate institutions

Question 13

Describe the social model of disability 2

Answer 13

1. Also referred to as the rights model
2. Disability results from the interaction between persons with impairments and attitudinal and environmental barriers that hinder an effective participation in society on an equal basis with others

Question 14

According to the social model of disability, persons with disabilites have rights to: 10

Answer 14

1. Life
2. Family life
3. Health
4. Education and learning
5. Employment
6. Marriage and have children
7. Vote
8. Information
9. Association
10. Fullfilled life

Question 15

Describe the biopsychosocial model of disaiblity 4

Answer 15

Disabilities is an umbrella term for the dynamic interaction of:

1. impairments,
2. activity limitations, and
3. participation restrictions and
4. contextual factors

Question 16

In terms of the biopsychosocial model, explain the term impairment

Answer 16

problems in bodily functions and structures

Question 17

In terms of the biopsychosocial model, explain the term activity limitation

Answer 17

ability/ inability to move, roll and perform activities of daily living

Question 18

In terms of the biopsychosocial model, explain the term participation restriction

Answer 18

ability to work or take part in leisure