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Dermatology > Intro to Derm > Flashcards

Intro to Derm Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

What items are needed for an effective total body skin exam?

A

Lighting, Undressed patient in gown, Privacy, RULER, Magnifying glass, Open mind, CHAPERONE

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2
Q

What are the Indications of a Total body Skin exam?

A

Hx of Skin cancer
Inc risk for melanoma or malignancy
New rash or lesion of concern
F/U for extensive skin lesions

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3
Q

What are the types of Flat primary skin lesions.

A

Macule 1cm

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4
Q

What are the types of Raised, solid lesions?

A

Papule 1cm
Tumor>2cm
Plaque>1 cm and flat topped

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5
Q

What are the types of Raised, fluid filled lesions?

A

Vesicles: Clear fluid 1cm
Pustule: White Fluid, filled w/ pus

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6
Q

What is a Wheal?

A

Round or flat topped edematous and erythematic, shape subject to change

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7
Q

What is a telangectasia?

A

Enlarged Superficial BV

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8
Q

What is an erosion?

A

Loss of epidermis, depression in skin, heals without scar

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9
Q

What is a scale?

A

Flake or plates of skin

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10
Q

What is a crust?

A

Dried plasma or exudate

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11
Q

What is an ulcer?

A

Loss of epidermis, part/complete dermis, heals with scar

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12
Q

What is a Excoriation?

A

Traumatized or Abraided skin

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13
Q

What is a Petichiae vs Purpura vs Ecchymoses?

A

Petichiae 1-2mm
Purpura 3 mm
Ecchymoses >1cm

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14
Q

What are the traits of Tinea Versicolor?

A

Malessezia furfur

Tx Ketoconazole shampoo

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15
Q

What is the MOA of Topical Steroids?

A

Inhibits NF-kB, supresses B and TC function. no cytokine transcription. Demarginalization of neutrophils, chronic immunosupression

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16
Q

What is the Purpose of Topical Steroids?

A

Inflammation

Burn and Pruritic Relief

17
Q

What are the SA of Topical Steroids?

A

Skin atrophy, Telangectasias, Striae, Acne, Steroid Rosacia, Hypopigmentation, Systemic

18
Q

What is the use of Super high potency topical steroids?

A

Severe Dermatoses. Non-thin skin areas

19
Q

What is the use of Med to high potency topical steroids?

A

Mild to moderate nonfacial and non interiginous areas

20
Q

What is the use of low potency topical steroids?

A

Large areas and on thinner skin. OK on Face, eyelid, genital, intriginous areas
1-2 wk intervals

21
Q

What is the order of Moistness of Vehicles?

A 
Solution 
Spray
Gel
Foam
Oil
Ointment
Lotion
Cream ###
22
Q

What are the Tx of Acne Vulgaris?

A 
Benzoyl Peroxide
Topical Abtx
Topical Retinoids
Oral Abtx
Oral retinoids
23
Q

What is the MOA of Oral Antihistamines?

A

Blocks histamine. Hist vasodilates and makes vessels more permiable. affects sleep. Inc Gastric Acid Release.
Drys out everything. Wobbly

24
Q

What are the 1st gen H1 Antagonists?

A

SEDATING
Diphenhydramine
Hydroxyzine
Chlorphenirimine

25
Q

What are the 2nd gen H1 Antagonists?

A

Ceterizine
Loratidine
Fexofenidine (itch)

26
Q

What are the H2 antagonists?

A

Ranitidine(-idine) GERD not DERM

27
Q

What are the Labs to get to Dx Lupus?

A 
Anti-dsDNA
Anti-Smith
Antihistone
Anticardiolipin Abs
Complement Levels
28
Q

What are the most common causes of Death in Lupus?

A

1) CV
2) Infection
3) Renal Disease

29
Q

What is the Mnemonic for other signs of lupus?

A 
RASH OR PAIN
Rash 
Arthritis
Soft tissues/serositis
Hematologic Dis
Oral ulcers
Renal Dis
Photosensitivity
ANA Ab
Immunosupressants 
Neurologic Disorders
30
Q

What are the causes of Drug induced lupus?

A 
Sulfa
Hydralazine
INH, Procainamide
Phenytoin
Etancercept
31
Q

What causes Miscarriage in Lupus Patients?

A

Antiphospholipid Ab syndrome

32
Q

What is the Tx of Lupus?

A

NSAIDs

Steroids, Immunosupressants, hydroxychloroquine

33
Q

What Ez do Allylamines inhibit?

A

Squalene Epoxidase

34
Q

What Ez do Azole Antifungals inhibit?

A

14-a-demethylase

Dermatology (12 decks)

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