Intro to derm Flashcards
Skin is the ____ organ
1st largest
Skin weighs about ___ kg
4
Skin covers __ m2 surface area
2
Skin diseases ___% in family practice, ___% in pediatric conditions
8.5; 30
Functions of the skin: 7
beauty barrier (physical, light, immunologic) vit D syn Water homeostasis Thermoregulation Insulation/Calorie Reservoir Tough/Sensation
Fitzpatrick Skin Type
1-6
red head skin white - black
Epidermis is made of a ____ _____ layer
squamous epithelial
Dermis contains connective tissue layer including ____ layer and ____ layer
Papillary
Reticular
Papillary layer is a ____ connective tissue
loose
dense = reticular
Adnexal structures includes:
apocrine glands Eccrine glands Hair Nails Sebaceous glands
Subcutaneous fat composed of ___cytes
adipocytes
Thick skin/hairless is found on ___ and ____
palms and soles
List the layers in epidermis
stratum corneum
Stratum granulosum
Stratum spinosum
Stratum basalis (germinativum)
Keratinocytes form ____ layer; synthesize ___
barrier
keratin
keratin is a major _______ of the skin
intracellular fibrous protein
Melanocytes side in ___ layer of the epidermis in a __:__ ratio, synthesize ___, which is packaged in granules called ____
basal
1:10 (melanocyte:keratinocyte
Melanin
Melanosomes
Langerhand cells are found in ___ epidermal layers, are the ____ cells of epidermis for ______ immune reaction
all
dendritic cells
cell mediated immune reactions (processing/presenting antigens)
Eumelanin
Black/brown pigment melanin
Pheomelanin
yellow to red/brown pigment
Skin color variation of light/dark melanosome distribution
ligh: cluster above nucleus
Dark: individually throughout cytoplasm
Stratum basalis = _____ layers
basal cell
Stratum basali consists of a single layer of ___ or ___ cells
columnar/cuboidal (keratinocytes)
Cell attachment to stratum basalis include
hemidesmosomes (attach basal cells to basal laminal of dermal epidermal junction)
Desmosome: Attach keratinocytes to each other
Tonofilaments: protein structures into dense plque of desmosomes)
Stratum Spinosum
synthesis involucrin/membrane coating granules
prickly appeance due to desmosome attach. between cells
Stratum Granulosum
Keratohyalin granules contain profilaggrin
Filaggrin _________,and is important in barrier function of skin
crosslinkes keratin tonofilaments
Stratum lucidum under light microscope, a thin staining band, seen only in ___ skin.
thick
has no nuclei/organelles
Papillary layer contains ____ corpuscles
Meissner
Reticular Layer has ___ corpuscles
Pacinian
Papillary layer contains _________ and pathway for ____ cells
Capillary network
defense
Reticular layer contains extensive ___ and ___ to provide strength/flexibility
collagen/elastic
Reticular layer is pathway for major blood vessels to facilitate ___
thermoregulation
Meissner corpuscle is responsible for :
Delicate touch, in dermal papillae of thick skin
Pacinian corpuscle
detect virbation
Dermis of thick/think skin
onion like concentric layers
_____ terminates within pacinian corpuscles
single sensory nerve fiber
Apocrine glands specialize in ___; begins to function in ___
sweat in axillary, pubic, perianal
puberty
Eccrine glands are:
traditioanl sweat glands - distributed over all body
Contraction of hair by ____ muscle
arrector pili muscle
