Intro To Anatomy Flashcards
The definition of anatomy? And physiology?
The study of structure. The study of function.
What is microscopic anatomy?
Something small that can’t be seen w naked eye
What is cytology and histológy?
Cytology- study of cells
Histology- study of tissues
What is regional anatomy?
Study of structures within single region
What is surface anatomy?
Study of internal structures as their locations relate to regions of the skin or other surface marking
What is systemic anatomy?
Study of structures involved with a specific activity
Exp: digestion
Structural organization of the body
Atoms- molecules- cells- tissues- organs- system- organism
What is a section of the body?
The result of a cut or slice of a specimen
What is a plane of the body?
Machete
Imaginary flat surface passing through the body at point or angle
What are the types of planes?
Coronal?
Transverse?
Sagital?
Oblique?
Coronal- divided back and front of body
Transverse- divides body into upper and lower parts
Sagital: divides body into unequal left and right halves. But mid sagital divide body into equal halves
Oblique: passes through at an angle
Anterior vs posterior
Superior vs inferior
Medial vs lateral
Proximal vs pistal
Medial: towards the midline
Lateral: away from midline of body
Proximal: closer to
Pistal- further away
What is in the posterior/dorsal aspect?
Cranial cavity (skull bones) and vertebrae canal (spinal cord)
What is the anterior/ventral cavities? What’s it made up of? What separates them?
Thoracic (heart and lungs)
Abdominopelvic cavity which obv is divided into the abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity.
Diaphragm
What is a serous membrane sac. What are they divided into?
Outer lining of organs/cavities
Divided into 2 layers. Parietal and visceral layer. Parietal is outside and visceral is inside
What is the mediastinum?
Where heart is located.
What is the serous membrane that surrounds the heart? What are the two layers called? What is in between these layers?
Visceral pericardium: on surface
Parietal Pericardium: outermost
I’m between layers is pericardial space
What is the serous membrane in lungs called? What are the 2 layers called? What’s the space in between called?
Pleura
Parietal pleura: out
Visceral pleura: in
Pleural space
What is the serous membrane in the abdominopelvic cavity? What are the 2 layers? What is the space?
Peritoneum
Parietal peritoneum and visceral peritoneum
Space is peritoneal space
How many andominopelvic regions are there? What are they from left to right?
9 regions
Left hypochondriac-epigastrine-right H
Left lumbar region-umbilical region-RL
Left Iliac- hypogastric- Right iliac
What region is liver located in?
First three regions
What does flexión, extensión and hyper extension do? What does lateral flexión do?
Abduction?
Adduction?
Circumduction?
F: decrease the angle
E: increase the angle
H: go over
LF: bend at the waist : C
A: move away from midline
A: move towards midline
C: circling
Rotational motions:
Lateral rotation
Medial rotation
Pronation
Supination
LR: rotating outward
MR: rotating inward
Pronation: thumbs outwars but flipping over
Supination: thumbs inward flipping outward
What are Special movements?
Depression
Elevation
Dorsiflexion
Plantar flexión
Inversión
Eversión
Protraction
Retraction
Opposition
Depresión: shrug shoulders down Elevation shrug up
Dorsiflexion: toes up, plantar flexión; toes point down
Inversion: soles on the left, Eversión; soles on the right
Protraction: underbite. Retraction: overbite
Opposition thumbs and pinky
