Heart Flashcards
What is the heart located (cavity)
Thoracic cavity or in mediastinum
If the heart was divided into 4 cubes, then what are cubes 1 and 3 for? What are cubes 2 and 4 for? What do they do?
1 and 3 are called atria
2 and 4 are called ventricles
Atria are receivers and ventricles are pumps
If the sac or fluid around the heart is enfected, what is it called?
Pericarditis
If there is inclination of infection of heart muscle, what is it called?
Myocarditis
What are the three layers to the heart?
Outside layer; apicardium
Middle layer: myocardial
Inner layer: endocardium
What is the outermost layer of the sac that goes around the heart?
Fibrous
Which part of heart goes into the lungs?
Right ventricle
What are pulmonary veins?
Blood retuning back to heart from the lungs
I’m the heart, what are valves? Which are present?
Something that opens up before putting in blood
Atrio ventricular valves (located in the middle of receiver and pumps. And semilunar which lead out of heart
Which valve (blood transporter) sits between left atria and left ventricle?
Mitral
What are the 3 major vessels to return blood?
Superior venacara
Inferior venacara
Coronary vein
What is for storage of blood (reservoir)
Auricle
What prevents prolapse?
Cordae tendonae
How does a valve work?
The cordae tendonae connect capillary muscle to valve. Blood goes from receiver to pump through ventricle. Creates “lub” sound
What anchors the chordate tendonae to the heart?
Papillary muscle
What is the aorta? What are the three parts of aorta?
The aorta is largest artery which carry’s blood to the circulatory system.
Ascending aorta
Aortic arch
Descending aorta
What is the first branch of artery coming off of aorta?
Coronary
Which is the first branch of artery coming off aorta?
Coronary
Which artery leads to right side of body?
Brachiocephalic
Which is true about arteries?
Always lead away from the heart
What holds aortic arch in place
Ligamentum arteriosum
Which artery (pulmonary or aorta) Carries oxygen in blood?
All arteries except for pulminary
The descending aorta terminates into what?
Iliac arteries
The artery that supply blood to kidney are called
Renal
The artery that supplied blood to spleen is called?
The artery that supplied blood to stomach is called
The artery that supplied blood to intestine is called
The artery that supplied blood to mesentary is called
The artery that supplied blood to liver is called
Splenic
Gastric
Intestinal
Mesentric
Compatic
What is it when artery’s go into more specific branches?
Artrioles (Carrie’s blood away from heart)
What are the three layers of blood vessels?
Túnica externa; outside layer
Túnica media
Túnica interna: inside layer
What is the impulse or pace maker of heart?
SA NODE, sinoatrial node
What causes DUB sound of heart
Semilunar valves closing
What is systole?
Contraction of ventricles
What makes ventricles(pump) contract?
Purkinje fibers
What is bradycardia, tachycardia and flutter?
Bradycardia (slow) heart rate less than 60
Tachycardia: heart rate greater than 100
Flutter: heart rate over 200
What is ventricular fibrillation
Not pumping blood normally and cannot live with it
Parts of the PQRST wave
P: Depolarization
QRS: depolarization of ventricles
T: Repolarization of ventricle
What is Angie- genesis
Genesis; the making of
Angi: blood vessel
The making of blood vessels
Which blood vessel(tunica) is made of smooth muscle?
Túnica media
Continuos capillary becoming discontinuos is called
Diapedisis
What are the functions of blood? Is detoxification a function?
Protection, transport, regulation
NOOOOO
What makes red blood cells?
What makes white blood cells?
RBC: erythropoeisis (erythr=red)
WBC: leukopoesis
What are the 2 components to blood? What is the percentage of each?
Formed elements and plasma in matrix
Plasma - 55
Formed - 45
What are the cells in formed elements?
RBC - erythrocytes
WBC- Leukocytes
Thrombocytes (blood clot) or platelets
What is the most common protein in plasma?
Albumin
Hemoglobin with carbon dioxide. What’s it called
Carbaminohemoglobin
What is Leukopenia?
What is leukocytesis?
What is polycythemia?
What is leukemia?
Leuko (white) penia : low count of white blood cells
Leukocytosis; high white blood cell count
Polycythemia : higher than normal RBC
Leukemia cancer of white blood cells
What is ur momonic for non granual vs granular white blood cells?
Monos Lyke nectar, base, and nesh
Non granular
Monocytes, lymphocytes
Granular
Neutrophil, basophil, necinsophil
What begins blood clotting process?
Factor X
What happens if fibrogen (enzyme to form blood clot) connects with thrombin?
What turns fibrogen into fibren?
It becomes fibren
Thrombin
Fibren and thrombocytes form?
Thrombosis
What is a traveling blood clot or thrombosis breaking free?
Embolism
What is Heprin?
An anticoagulant?
What is the universal blood donor?
O
What is universal blood recipient?
AB+
Your body turns 20% of the CO2 produced into?
Carbaminohemoglobin
