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Biology 31 > Heart > Flashcards

Heart Flashcards

1
Q

What is the heart located (cavity)

A

Thoracic cavity or in mediastinum

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2
Q

If the heart was divided into 4 cubes, then what are cubes 1 and 3 for? What are cubes 2 and 4 for? What do they do?

A

1 and 3 are called atria
2 and 4 are called ventricles
Atria are receivers and ventricles are pumps

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3
Q

If the sac or fluid around the heart is enfected, what is it called?

A

Pericarditis

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4
Q

If there is inclination of infection of heart muscle, what is it called?

A

Myocarditis

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5
Q

What are the three layers to the heart?

A

Outside layer; apicardium
Middle layer: myocardial
Inner layer: endocardium

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6
Q

What is the outermost layer of the sac that goes around the heart?

A

Fibrous

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7
Q

Which part of heart goes into the lungs?

A

Right ventricle

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8
Q

What are pulmonary veins?

A

Blood retuning back to heart from the lungs

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9
Q

I’m the heart, what are valves? Which are present?

A

Something that opens up before putting in blood

Atrio ventricular valves (located in the middle of receiver and pumps. And semilunar which lead out of heart

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10
Q

Which valve (blood transporter) sits between left atria and left ventricle?

A

Mitral

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11
Q

What are the 3 major vessels to return blood?

A

Superior venacara
Inferior venacara
Coronary vein

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12
Q

What is for storage of blood (reservoir)

A

Auricle

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13
Q

What prevents prolapse?

A

Cordae tendonae

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14
Q

How does a valve work?

A

The cordae tendonae connect capillary muscle to valve. Blood goes from receiver to pump through ventricle. Creates “lub” sound

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15
Q

What anchors the chordate tendonae to the heart?

A

Papillary muscle

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16
Q

What is the aorta? What are the three parts of aorta?

A

The aorta is largest artery which carry’s blood to the circulatory system.

Ascending aorta
Aortic arch
Descending aorta

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17
Q

What is the first branch of artery coming off of aorta?

A

Coronary

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18
Q

Which is the first branch of artery coming off aorta?

A

Coronary

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19
Q

Which artery leads to right side of body?

A

Brachiocephalic

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20
Q

Which is true about arteries?

A

Always lead away from the heart

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21
Q

What holds aortic arch in place

A

Ligamentum arteriosum

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22
Q

Which artery (pulmonary or aorta) Carries oxygen in blood?

A

All arteries except for pulminary

23
Q

The descending aorta terminates into what?

A

Iliac arteries

24
Q

The artery that supply blood to kidney are called

A

Renal

25
Q

The artery that supplied blood to spleen is called?

The artery that supplied blood to stomach is called

The artery that supplied blood to intestine is called

The artery that supplied blood to mesentary is called

The artery that supplied blood to liver is called

A

Splenic
Gastric
Intestinal
Mesentric
Compatic

26
Q

What is it when artery’s go into more specific branches?

A

Artrioles (Carrie’s blood away from heart)

27
Q

What are the three layers of blood vessels?

A

Túnica externa; outside layer
Túnica media
Túnica interna: inside layer

28
Q

What is the impulse or pace maker of heart?

A

SA NODE, sinoatrial node

29
Q

What causes DUB sound of heart

A

Semilunar valves closing

30
Q

What is systole?

A

Contraction of ventricles

31
Q

What makes ventricles(pump) contract?

A

Purkinje fibers

32
Q

What is bradycardia, tachycardia and flutter?

A

Bradycardia (slow) heart rate less than 60
Tachycardia: heart rate greater than 100
Flutter: heart rate over 200

33
Q

What is ventricular fibrillation

A

Not pumping blood normally and cannot live with it

34
Q

Parts of the PQRST wave

A

P: Depolarization
QRS: depolarization of ventricles
T: Repolarization of ventricle

35
Q

What is Angie- genesis

A

Genesis; the making of
Angi: blood vessel

The making of blood vessels

36
Q

Which blood vessel(tunica) is made of smooth muscle?

A

Túnica media

37
Q

Continuos capillary becoming discontinuos is called

A

Diapedisis

38
Q

What are the functions of blood? Is detoxification a function?

A

Protection, transport, regulation

NOOOOO

39
Q

What makes red blood cells?
What makes white blood cells?

A

RBC: erythropoeisis (erythr=red)
WBC: leukopoesis

40
Q

What are the 2 components to blood? What is the percentage of each?

A

Formed elements and plasma in matrix
Plasma - 55
Formed - 45

41
Q

What are the cells in formed elements?

A

RBC - erythrocytes
WBC- Leukocytes
Thrombocytes (blood clot) or platelets

42
Q

What is the most common protein in plasma?

A

Albumin

43
Q

Hemoglobin with carbon dioxide. What’s it called

A

Carbaminohemoglobin

44
Q

What is Leukopenia?
What is leukocytesis?
What is polycythemia?
What is leukemia?

A

Leuko (white) penia : low count of white blood cells
Leukocytosis; high white blood cell count
Polycythemia : higher than normal RBC
Leukemia cancer of white blood cells

45
Q

What is ur momonic for non granual vs granular white blood cells?

A

Monos Lyke nectar, base, and nesh
Non granular
Monocytes, lymphocytes
Granular
Neutrophil, basophil, necinsophil

46
Q

What begins blood clotting process?

A

Factor X

47
Q

What happens if fibrogen (enzyme to form blood clot) connects with thrombin?

What turns fibrogen into fibren?

A

It becomes fibren

Thrombin

48
Q

Fibren and thrombocytes form?

A

Thrombosis

49
Q

What is a traveling blood clot or thrombosis breaking free?

A

Embolism

50
Q

What is Heprin?

A

An anticoagulant?

51
Q

What is the universal blood donor?

A

O

52
Q

What is universal blood recipient?

A

AB+

53
Q

Your body turns 20% of the CO2 produced into?

A

Carbaminohemoglobin

Biology 31 (19 decks)

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