Intro Terminology

Question 1

what is anatomy?

Answer 1

the structure of the body

Question 2

what is gross anatomy?

Answer 2

larger structures that can be seen without a microscope

Question 3

what is microscopic anatomy?

Answer 3

on the cellular level, need microscope to see these structures

Question 4

what is physiology?

Answer 4

the function of the body

Question 5

what is cell physiology?

Answer 5

how cells function

Question 6

what is systemic physiology?

Answer 6

how body systems function, cell teamwork!

Question 7

what is directional terminology?

Answer 7

terms of direction that are all relative to each other

Question 8

what does ventral refer to?

Answer 8

the under surface of the body

Question 9

what does dorsal refer to (as the opposite of ventral)?

Answer 9

the back/upper surface of the body

Question 10

what does cranial refer to?

Answer 10

towards the front of the head

Question 11

what does caudal refer to (as the opposite of cranial)?

Answer 11

towards the tail or back of the body

Question 12

what does proximal refer to?

Answer 12

nearest the center of the body or point of origin

Question 13

what does distal refer to?

Answer 13

farther from the center of body or point of origin

Question 14

what are the directional terms proximal and distal used to describe?

Answer 14

limbs, arteries, and nerves

Question 15

what does superficial refer to?

Answer 15

pertains to surface

Question 16

what does deep mean?

Answer 16

further inside the body, pertains to structures

Question 17

what does medial mean?

Answer 17

towards the middle/ near median plane

Question 18

what does lateral mean?

Answer 18

away from the middle

Question 19

what is the transverse plane?

Answer 19

divides the body into cranial and caudal parts

Question 20

what is the horizontal/frontal plane?

Answer 20

dorsal and ventral body divisions

Question 21

what is the median plane?

Answer 21

divides the body into equal left and right parts

Question 22

when referring to the front limb, what does palmar mean?

Answer 22

caudal surface of front limb, distal to carpus

Question 23

when referring to the front limb, what does dorsal mean?

Answer 23

cranial surface of front limb, distal to carpus

Question 24

when referring to the hind limb, what does plantar mean?

Answer 24

caudal surface of hind limb, distal to tarsus

Question 25

when referring to the hind limb, what does dorsal mean?

Answer 25

cranial surface of hind limb, distal to tarsus

Question 26

what are thee 2 main body cavities?

Answer 26

thoracic and abdominal

Question 27

where is the thoracic cavity located?

Answer 27

more cranial than abdominal cavity

Question 28

what does the thoracic cavity contain?

Answer 28

the heart and lungs

Question 29

what is the membrane that lines the thoracic cavity called?

Answer 29

pleura

Question 30

what does the visceral pleura line?

Answer 30

the organs of the thoracic cavity

Question 31

what does the parietal pleura line?

Answer 31

the thoracic cavity itself

Question 32

where is the abdominal cavity located?

Answer 32

caudal to the thoracic cavity

Question 33

what does the abdominal cavity contain?

Answer 33

the digestive and reproductive organs

Question 34

what is the membrane that lines the abdominal cavity called?

Answer 34

peritoneum

Question 35

what does visceral peritoneum line?

Answer 35

the organs of the abdominal cavity

Question 36

what does parietal peritoneum line?

Answer 36

the abdominal cavity itself

Question 37

what separates the two body cavities?

Answer 37

the diaphragm

Question 38

list the 6 levels of body organization from smallest to largest

Answer 38

1. chemical 2. cellular 3. tissue 4. organ 5. organ system 6. organism

Question 39

describe the chemical level of organization

Answer 39

atoms form molecules which form organelles in a cell

Question 40

list and describe the 3 main components of the cellular level of organization

Answer 40

1. cytoplasm: contains all organelles except nucleus 2. nucleus: controls cell, contains genetic info to produce things 3. cell membrane: gives cell limits

Question 41

describe the tissue level of organization and list all 4 types

Answer 41

groups of similar cells and surrounding material with the same function epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissue

Question 42

describe the organ level of organization

Answer 42

2 or more tissue types combined to perform common functions, usually all 4 tissue types

Question 43

describe the system level of organization

Answer 43

groups of organs working together to perform similar functions

Question 44

describe the organism level of organization

Answer 44

any living things as a whole

Question 45

do organisms have to be multicellular? why or why not?

Answer 45

no, unicellular organisms are a thing