Connective Tissue Flashcards
list the 7 functions of connective tissue
- connect other tissues
- enclosing and separating other tissues
- support and movement
- storage
- cushioning and insulation
- transportation
- protection
list and describe the 3 cells of connective tissue
- blasts: secrete/create extracellular matrix (builders)
- cytes: maintain extracellular matrix
- clasts: break down extracellular matrix
will all three cell types be present in every connective tissue type?
no
what are the 2 components of the extracellular matrix?
protein fibers and ground substance
list and describe the 3 types of protein fibers
- collagen: most abundant, strong, inelastic, looks like wavy ribbons
- reticular fibers: looks very fine and highly branched, thinner than collagen fibers, fills space
- elastic fibers: stretchy, flat ribbons, composed mostly of elastin
will all connective tissue types always have all three protein fibers?
no
describe ground substance
protein fibers and cells are embedded in this material between both, provides support, different compounds for each connective tissue, can be fluid, hard, gel, etc
what are the 2 main type of connective tissue
ordinary and special
what are the two types of ordinary connective tissue
loose and dense
what does ordinary connective tissue do?
holds things together
what does special connective tissue do?
performs special functions
what is the difference between loose and dense connective tissue?
loose has more ground substance, dense has more protein fibers
what are the 3 types of ordinary loose connective tissue?
- areolar
- reticular
- adipose
what is areolar ordinary loose connective tissue? how many types of protein fibers does it have? give an example
the loose packing material of MOST organs, contains all 3 protein fibers, subcutaneous skin layer
what is reticular ordinary loose connective tissue and what does it look like? where is it found?
very distinct, many little dots and looks like a berry bush, builds framework for components of the lymphatic system, found in lymphnodes and spleen
what type of cells does adipose ordinary loose connective tissue contain and what do they do?
adipocytes that store lipid
what is the function and where is adipose tissue located?
fat storage, insulation and cushioning, found everywhere in the body
what are the two types of dense ordinary connective tissue?
dense regular and dense irregular
describe dense regular ordinary connective tissue
all protein fibers oriented in/ stretch in one direction, contains collagen which is wavy and strong, has a lot less ground substance, less cells and more protein fibers
where is dense regular ordinary connective tissue found?
tendons (which connect muscle to bone) and ligaments (which connect bone to bone)
describe dense irregular ordinary connective tissue
collagen fibers oriented/stretch in all directions, which allows for more movement, can’t see collagen waviness, just pink areas
where is dense irregular ordinary connective tissue found?
dermis of skin, which is so strong its used to make leather
what are the 3 types of special connective tissue?
cartilage, bone, and blood
describe the extracellular matrix of cartilage and what that means for the cells
more rigid and gel like, cells don’t thrive in it, so they are contained in spaces called lacunae
is cartilage vascular or nonvascular? what does this mean for how cells obtain nutrition?
nonvascular, cells must get nutrients through diffusion, so they heal slower
what are the 3 types of cartilage?
- hyaline cartilage
- fibrocartilage
- elastic cartilage
describe hyaline cartilage and where it’s found
most abundant cartilage, lots of ground substance and collagen fibers so its very strong. Collage fibers are so interspersed that you can’tsee them so it looks transparent, found lots of places, but specifically the rings of the trachea, the bronchi, and connecting the ribs to the sternum
describe fibrocartilage and where it’s found
more collagen fibers than ground substance, looks wavy and is very very strong. found in areas under lots of pressure, so the menisci of knees and jaw, intervertebral disks
describe elastic cartilage and where it’s found
lost of elastic fibers, can stretch and recoil, elastic fibers are straight (not wavy) found in areas that must be rigid AND flexible, like the ears
describe bone
compact, arranged in circle with dark spaces as lacunae
describe blood
matrix is very water-based and has many cell types