Intro (Jetstreams to Tropical storms)

Question 1

Air is squeezed as jetstream enters a bend - air is forced _________

Answer 1

down

Question 2

as the jetstream moves out of the bend, air is drawn ________

Answer 2

upwards

Question 3

the three divisions of the atmosphere’s primary circulation are:

Answer 3

1. Hadley cell
2. Rossby waves
3. Polar cell

Question 4

these waves vary with time in number, position, and amplitude

Answer 4

Rossby waves

Question 5

thought to be central to the poleward movement of energy above latitude

Answer 5

Wavelike motion and associated eddies

Question 6

the three divisions of the atmosphere’s secondary circulation

Answer 6

1. Air masses
2. Extratropical cyclones
3. Anticyclones

Question 7

part of the atmosphere that has relatively little variation in temperature may move away from their source region by the general circulation

Answer 7

Air mass and fronts

Question 8

formed where two air masses of different temperatures, humidities, and pressures meet

Answer 8

Front

Question 9

within this front, _______ change rapidly with horizontal location and height

Answer 9

Meteorological parameters

Question 10

polar maritime and tropical maritime air masses most commonly meet

Answer 10

Polar front

Question 11

when warm air is situated _____ the cold air, an _____ is created

Answer 11

Above; inversion

Question 12

are accompanied by cloud formation and precipitation when hot air is forced upwards and cooled

Answer 12

Front systems

Question 13

areas of low pressures that develop at fronts

Answer 13

Extratropical cyclones

Question 14

areas of high pressure; divergent surface air flow and lower wind speed than in extratropical cyclone

Answer 14

Anticyclones

Question 15

in _________, isobars are separated by a certain distance

Answer 15

High pressure

Question 16

in ________, isobars are closer to each other and can create a cyclone

Answer 16

Low pressure

Question 17

a storm or system of winds that rotates around a center of low atmospheric pressure; indicators of rain, clouds, and other forms of bad weather

Answer 17

Cyclones

Question 18

system of winds that rotates around a center of high atmospheric pressure

Answer 18

Anticyclones

Question 19

winds in a cyclone blow ________ in the Northern hemisphere; and ________ in the Southern hemisphere.

Answer 19

Counterclockwise;
Clockwise

Question 20

depends on its ability to resist vertical motion

Answer 20

Stability of the atmosphere

Question 21

can break up the flow of the wind and create wind gusts

Answer 21

Ground topography and large buildings

Question 22

a coastal breeze flowing from sea to land caused by temperature difference

Answer 22

Sea breeze

Question 23

a coastal breeze flowing from land to sea

Answer 23

Land breeze

Question 24

no discernible winter/summer seasonal temperature change; dominated by Hadley cells

Answer 24

Tropical climates

Question 25

moves seasonally, in coincidence with maximal solar heating; typically hot with high rainfall

(ITCZ)

Answer 25

Intertropical convergence zone

Question 26

weather systems composed of a cluster of thunderstorms and of wind speeds near the surface of between 63 and 119 km/h (39 and 74 mph); does not have an eye at its center

Answer 26

Tropical storms

Question 27

where tropical storms develop, where wind speeds are less than 63 km/h (39 mph)

Answer 27

Tropical depressions

Question 28

formed when a tropical storm intensifies and wind speed reaches 119 km/h

Answer 28

Hurricane

Question 29

forms when the winds near the center reach 119 km/h (74 mph)

Answer 29

Eye

Question 30

Change of wind speed and direction with altitude

Answer 30

Wind shear

Question 31

powers a storm and intensifies it

Answer 31

Latent heat