Intro Cells to Systems

Question 1

Group of similar cells who work together to perform a specific function

Answer 1

tissues

Question 2

2 or more tissue types

Answer 2

organ

Question 3

related organs with a common function

Answer 3

system

Question 4

as each level arises, new properties are formed that weren’t present at the levels below

Answer 4

Emergent properties

Question 5

Several components work together for common unified purpose

Answer 5

Integration

Question 6

Sum of all the chemical rxns that occur in the body

Answer 6

Metabolism

Question 7

Breakdown of complex chemical substances into simpler components

Answer 7

catabolism

Question 8

formation of complex from smaller/simpler components

Answer 8

anabolism

Question 9

Bodies ability to detect and respond to changes

Answer 9

responsiveness

Question 10

development of a cell from an unspecialized to a specialized state

Answer 10

differentiation

Question 11

Homeostasis is a

Answer 11

dynamic steady state

Question 12

Interstitial fluid is the ECF that

Answer 12

fills spaces between cells

Question 13

Plasma is the

Answer 13

fluid portion of blood

Question 14

What systems regulate homeostasis

Answer 14

Nervous and endocrine

Question 15

describing how organisms
maintain a constant cellular (internal) environment

Answer 15

Homeostasis

Question 16

process by which the extracellular fluid is
regulated

Answer 16

homeostasis

Question 17

your __ system is functioning to make
sure your extracellular fluid which includes plasma and
interstitial fluid is constantly replenished

Answer 17

cardiovascular

Question 18

The __ system is maintaining levels of oxygen (O2)
and carbon dioxide (CO2) in the extracellular fluid

Answer 18

pulmonary

Question 19

The __ system is maintaining the level of glucose and amino acids in the extracellular fluid

Answer 19

gastrointestinal system/ liver

Question 20

process in which the
response of the body
counteracts the
stimulus such that a
controlled variable,
like blood pressure,
stays fairly constant

Answer 20

Negative feedback

Question 21

reinforces a
stimulus so that a
process builds to
completion

Answer 21

Positive feedback

Question 22

anticipates the change in
controlled variable

Answer 22

Feedforward

Question 23

ECF is the body’s

Answer 23

internal environment

Question 24

Feedback system components…

Answer 24

1. Receptors
2. Control Center
3. Effectors

Question 25

Nutrients move from external environment into plasma via __, into __, then to a __

Answer 25

digestive system, interstitial fluid, body cell

Question 26

Monitor changes in a controlled variable and sends input to control center

Answer 26

Receptors

Question 27

Determines the set point at which a controlled variable should be maintained, evaluates input, and generates output commands if needed

Answer 27

Control center

Question 28

Receive output from control center and produce a response that alters the controlled variable

Answer 28

Effectors

Question 29

Example of negative feedback and positive

Answer 29

Negative: regulation of BP Positive: contractions during birth

Question 30

In positive feedback, the action continues until

Answer 30

interrupted by another mechanism

Question 31

examples of feedforward control

Answer 31

sight, smell, or the thought of food causes mouth to water and stomach to produce gastric juices

Question 32

Physiologists use what kind of approach

Answer 32

mechanistic

Question 33

Described a particular event in body occurs using cause and effect sequencing

Answer 33

Mechanistic approach

Question 34

Key themes of Physiology

Answer 34

1. Homeostasis 2. Integration 3. Mechanism of action 4. Communication

Question 35

Cause and effect sequence used to describe an event

Answer 35

Mechanism of action

Question 36

Why’d we use NaOH in our diffusion experiment

Answer 36

Diffused OH ions into the tubes will cause phenothalein to change color

Question 37

Most prevelant chemical compound in bodily fluids

Answer 37

NaCl

Question 38

The rate of diffusion was __ in the higher concentration of NaOH

Answer 38

Higher

Question 39

When we go outside without adequate clothing on a winter day, the cold temperature makes us shiver. What control system is responsible for this

Answer 39

Feedforward system

Question 40

Maintains a parameter at a relatively constant level

Answer 40

Negative feedback system

Question 41

If a dorsal root was severed, how would the patient present

Answer 41

They would lose all sensation in that body part

Question 42

Primary sensory neurons are part of the

Answer 42

Afferent PNS

Question 43

Dendrites receive __ and axons are the __ structures of the neuron

Answer 43

Input, output