intro, body, fluids, and cellular physiology Flashcards

1
Q

Study of the normal function of the body and how the body maintains those normal functions.

A

Physiology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How you change physiology

A

Pharmacology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the change in physiology?

A

Pathology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What feedback control reduces initial error.

A

Negative feedback system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What feedback control always ends in an event?

A

Positive feedback system

ovulation, clot formation, etc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

True/False: Disease pathology occur when errors exceed ability of control system to adjust.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

True/False: Compensation is never complete as long as error signal exists.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

True/False: Treat symptoms not the pathology.

A

False, treat the overlying problem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the last drug given during lethal injections?

A

Potassium, anything over 6 mEq/L stops your heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

FLuid inside all the cells of the body.

A

Intracellular fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Fluid outside of cells split into 2 compartments by the capillary wall.

A

Extracellular fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

no charge differential

A

electroneutral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Same osmotic pressure as another solution

A

isotonic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

ICF is mostly _________ and ________

A

potassium and proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

ECF is mostly _________ and _________.

A

sodium and chloride

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

True/False: ICF and ECF have very different compositions.

17
Q

Why is na+ k+ gradient so important?

A

it is the basis for communication and maintaining gradients are necessary for life.
Proper absorption of nutrients is dependent in Na+ gradient

18
Q

What molecules can move across cell membranes?

A

small, non-polar solutes

i.e. O2, CO2, Ethanol, Steroid hormones, Water

19
Q

What other ways can molecules move across membranes?

A

Channels and Transport proteins

20
Q

What movement goes downhill (no energy needed)?

A

passive transport

21
Q

What movement goes uphill (energy needed)?

A

active transport

22
Q

When do you have more movement with passive transport?

A

If increase gradient

If increase temperature

23
Q

What are the 2 types of passive transport?

A

diffusion

facilitated diffusion

24
Q

What are the two types of active transport?

A

Primary active

Secondary active

25
What type of transport requires energy? what does it use for energy?
Active transport- moving something against concentration gradient using ATP (name usually includes ATPase, porter, or exchanger)
26
Movement of water due to a difference in osmotic pressure.
Osmosis
27
Osmotic pressure is not diffusion of water it is movement of water. But it is basically diffusion of water why?
Movement of water from low solute conc. to high concentration.
28
Comparison of two fluids separated by a semi-permeable membrane, with respect to the bathing solution.
Tonicity
29
Inside of cell has more dissolved solutes
Hypotonic (hyposmotic)