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PRELIMS HEMA LEC > Intro > Flashcards

Intro Flashcards

1
Q
  1. abnormal increase in bone marrow
  2. inflammation of the vein
  3. increase in the lack of uniformity of the cells in size
  4. increase in the variation of cells in shape
  5. abnormal production in bone marrow contents
A
  1. Panmyelosis
  2. Thrombophlebitis
  3. Anisocytosis
  4. Poikilocytosis
  5. Dysmyelopoiesis
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2
Q
  1. decrease in wbcs
  2. decrease in monocytes
  3. affinity to increase in wbcs
A
  1. leukocytopenia
  2. monocytopenia
  3. leukocytophilia
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3
Q

Physical Characteristic of whole blood:
1. Viscosity: ___ more vicious than water
2. circulates in ___ state
3. coagulates between ____ minutes after removal from the body
4. pH =
- Normal pH is maintained by buffers in the body primarily the ______
- pH compatible for survival
5. Sp. Gravity (whole blood):
6. Volume of blood = __L (___% of total body weight)
- males:
- females:

A
  1. 3-5x
  2. liquid state
  3. 5-10 minutes
  4. 7.35-7.45
    - sodium bicarbonate
    - 6.8-7.8
  5. 1.048-1.066
  6. 5-8L (7-8%)
    - males: 76ml/kgbodywt.
    - females: 68ml/kgbodywt.
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4
Q

Types of hemoglobin
1. bright red/ scarlet red
- _____ circulation
2. dark red
- ____ circulation
3. green
- formed by irreversible oxidation of ___ by drugs or exposure of sulfur
4. cherry red
- combination of ____ & ____
5. chocolate brown
- formed by the reversible oxidation of _____ to the ______

A
  1. Oxyhemoglobin
    - arterial
  2. Deoxyhemoglobin
    - venous
  3. Sulfhemoglobin
    - Hgb
  4. Carboxyhemoglobin
    - CO & heme iron
  5. Methemoglobin
    - heme iron to ferric state
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5
Q

Normal composition of blood: Liquid portion (Plasma/Serum)
1. ____ of total blood
2. ____ by weight is water
3. ____ by weight includes plasma proteins & other substances (2%) like vitamins, carbohydrates, etc

A
  1. 55%
  2. 91-92%
  3. 6-7%
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6
Q

PLASMA PROTEINS.1
1. _____: ___% helps maintain osmotic pressure
- indicator of ____
2. directed against the capillary wall pushing the fluid in capillary wall
3. force created by circulating fluid in circulation which is responsible in pushing fluid away of the circulation

A
  1. Albumin; 4%
    - nutrition
  2. oncotic pressure
  3. hydrostatic pressure
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7
Q

PLASMA PROTEINS.2
1. _____: ___% needed for liver function, blood clotting, and infection
2. function on the transport of enzymes, lipids, and others
- example
3. also responsible for transport
- ____ beta globulin responsible in the transport of iron
4. production of antibodies

A
  1. Globulin; 2.7%
  2. Alpha globulin
    - Alpha 2 macroglobulin
  3. Beta globulin
    - Transferrin
  4. Gamma globulin
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8
Q

PLASMA PROTEINS.3
1. _____: ___% helps in blood clot for normal blood clotting
2. fribinogen is precursor of _____
3. fibrinogen will be converted by ___ which came from _____

A
  1. Fibrinogen; 0.3%
  2. fibrin
  3. thrombin; prothrombin (Factor II)
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9
Q

Plasma vs Serum
1. unclotted blood
2. clotted blood
3. remains Fibroblast Growth Factor Intec
4. no fibrinogen factors
5. more platelet derivatives
6. less platelet derivatives
7. appears clearer
8. slightly turbid

*what are fibrinogen group

A
  1. Plasma
  2. Serum
  3. Plasma
  4. Serum
  5. Serum
  6. Plasma
  7. Serum
  8. Plasma

*factors I,IV,VIII,XIII

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10
Q

Normal composition of blood: Solid portion ____%
1. function mainly in transport
2. function in body’s defense
- defense mechanism involves ___
- most active phagocytes (2)
- this is not a phagocytes
- ____ are responsible in producing regulatory cytokines like interleukins
- ____ are responsible of antibody production
- ____ will be transformed into plasma cells which is the major producer of antibody

A

45%
1. RBC
2. WBC
- phagocytosis
- neutrophil & monocyte
- lymphocytes
- T-cells
- B-lymphocytes

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11
Q

Composition of Blood: Solid portion
3. primarily involve in clot formation
- aka
- cells for clotting
- After platelets will react by adhering in the injured site forming
- To stabilize the platelet plug, _____ (______) is needed.

A
  1. Platelets
    - thrombocytes
    - thrombocytes
    - Platelet plug
    - Fibrin (fibrinogen or factor 1)
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12
Q

small refractive colorless particles in the blood that are probably granules from blood cells or minute fat globules and it has no clinical significance

A

Hemoconia (BLOOD DUST)

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13
Q

Composition of blood: Gaseous Portion

  1. dys
  2. erythro
  3. leuko
  4. hypo; hyper; iso
  5. aniso
  6. poikilo
  7. pan
  8. meta
  9. phleb
  10. myel
  11. schis
A
  1. Abnormal
  2. Red
  3. White
  4. Under, Above, Equal
  5. Unequal
  6. Irregular
  7. All
  8. After, Change
  9. Vein
  10. Bone marrow
  11. Split
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14
Q

Total Body weight
1. Blood =
2. Other fluids =

Whole Blood
1. Plasma
2. Formed Elements

A

Total Bw
1. 8%
2. 92%

WB
1. 55%
2. 45%

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15
Q

Total Body weight
1. Blood =
2. Other fluids =

Whole Blood
1. Plasma
2. Formed Elements

A

Total Bw
1. 8%
2. 92%

WB
1. 55%
2. 45%

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16
Q

Plasma Components
1. Proteins
2. Water
3. Other solutes
4. Platelets
5. Leukocytes
6. Erythrocytes

A
  1. 7%
  2. 91%
  3. 2%
  4. <1%
  5. <1%
  6. > 99%
17
Q

Proteins in Plasma components
1. Albumins
2. Globulins
3. Fibrinogen
4. Prothrombin

A
  1. 57%
  2. 38%
  3. 4%
  4. 1%
18
Q

Leukocytes percentage
1. Neutrophils
2. Lymphocyte
3. Monocytes
4. Eosinophils
5. Basophils

A
  1. 60-70%
  2. 20-25%
  3. 3-8%
  4. 2-4%
  5. 0.5-1%
19
Q

Respiratory function
1. Pulmonary capillaries = rich in oxygen = partial pressure of oxygen is ____
2. Tissue = low in oxygen = partial pressure of ____
3. CO2 will be released via

A
  1. 100mmHg
  2. 20mmHg
  3. exhalation
20
Q

Regulation of the function of another organ
1. ____ is regulated by growth hormone
2. hormone that is important in regulating red cell production
3. byproduct of bone marrow
4. area of production
5. site of action
6. 3 waste products of metabolism
7. 2 are excreted via urination or sweating
8. failure of blood circulation will result to

A
  1. Erythropoiesis
  2. Erythropoietin
  3. Hematopoiesis
  4. Kidney
  5. Bone marrow
  6. urea, creatinine, excessive salts
  7. Excessive salts an water
  8. waste toxicity
21
Q

Buffering action/ function
1. regulates ionic balance like (3)
2. ___ is a buffering system together with enzymes and protein
3. the most important buffer that maintains the pH
4. the ratio of the previous q
5. To maintain bicarbonate,it needs to be conserve in a form of ______
6. ___ helps in eliminating and retention of alkali and acid

A
  1. sodium, chloride, potassium
  2. HgB
  3. HCO3:H2CO3 (Bicarbonate Carbonic Acid ratio)
  4. 20 (HCO3): 1 (H2CO3)
  5. Sodium Bicarbonate (Na2HCO3)
  6. Renal circulation
22
Q
  1. thrombo
  2. ferr
  3. scler
  4. emia
  5. penia
  6. lysis
  7. oma
  8. opathy
  9. osis
  10. itis
  11. philic
  12. plasia
  13. poiesis
  14. poietin
A
  1. Clot
  2. Iron
  3. Hard
  4. Blood
  5. Decreased
  6. Destruction
  7. Swelling
  8. Disease
  9. Abnormal increase or decrease
  10. Inflammation
  11. Affinity to
  12. cell production/ cell repair
  13. cell formation
  14. Stimulates production

PRELIMS HEMA LEC (10 decks)

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