Intracranial Tumours Supplementary Flashcards
What are the 4 herniations with mass effect and which is the worst causing Cushing’s response & death and which causes 3rd nerve palsy?
Subfalcine herniation
Central herniation
Uncal transtentorial herniation - can cause 3rd nerve palsy
Tonsillar herniation - worst one
Describe the typical headache caused by intracranial neoplasms. They may occur with/without raised ICP.
- worse in the morning
- wakes them up
- worse with coughing/leaning forward
- may be associated with and get worse with vomiting
A tumour in what part of the brain would cause dyspraxia e.g. struggle to get dressed?
Parietal lobe
Cerebellar lesions cause hypertonia and supratentorial lesions cause hypotonia. True/false?
False
cerebellar - hypotonia
supratentorial - hypertonia
Where do Grade 1 astrocytic tumours tend to grow?
Posterior fossa
Why are low grade astrocytomas not benign?
ultimate behaiviour is not bening - tend to become malginant
Are low grade astrocytomas benign/malignant?
start benign but ultimately become malignant
What is treatment for Grade II astrocytomas?
Surgery +/- radiation, chemo
What are signs of poor prognosis in Grade II astrocytomas and make them likely to become glioblastomas?
- age >45
- low performance score
- large tumours/cross midline
- incomplete resection
What conditions can lead to multiple gliomas?
neurofibromatosis and tuberous sclerosis
What is the gold standard Stupp protocol for malignant astrocytomas?
Surgery + Radio + tenozolamide
What is the most common glioma?
Gliobastoma multiforme
What is the most common glioma?
Glioblastoma multiforme
What is a glioma and name 3 types?
Tumours of the glial cells and from most to least malignant:
astrocytoma
oligodendroglioma
ependymoma
When is radiotherapy useful in malignant tumours and what are the side effects?
- good post surgery
- side effects: drops IQ by 10, skin, hair loss and tired
