Interpretation of periodontal disease Flashcards
What is the definition of periodontal disease?
Destructive inflammatory disease affecting supporting structures of the teeth
What is gingivitis?
only the soft tissues are involved
What is periodontitis?
soft tissues and supporting bone affected
Periodontal disease is the major cause of tooth loss in patients over ___ years old
35
Severity of periodontal disease increases with…
- age
- amount of plaque
- amount of bacterial micro-flora
What are the different stages of periodontal disease?
- healthy teeth and gums
- gingivitis
- early periodontitis
- moderate periodontitis
- advanced periodontitis
What are the predisposing factors to periodontal disease?
- plaque
- salivary immune factors
- cell mediated hypersensitivity in crevicular plaque
- local dental factors (bad restorations, calculus, rotated teeth, thin bone)
What are local dental factors that can increase risk for periodontal disease?
- poor restorations
- Calculus (tartar)
- Tilted/rotated tooth
- Thin bone
What are the clinical signs of periodontal disease?
- Edema, erythema of the tissues
- Loss of epithelial attachment to tooth surface and pocket formation
- Bleeding on probing
- Purulence
early, mild periodontal changes
chronic periodontitis with favorable immune response
chronic advanced periodontal changes
What are the clinical signs of periodontal changes?
● Erythema
● Visible tissue recession
● Periodontal pocket depth (probing)
What do you examin on a radiograph if you suspect periodontal disease?
Bone
– quantity; relative to root length
- quantity; crestal evaluation
- quality; dense vs. sparse trabeculation
- furcation; susceptible to bone loss
- PDL space; widening
What do you look for when evaluating radiographic alveolar bone loss?
- GENERALIZED
- LOCALIZED
- HORIZONTAL
- VERTICAL
Generalized: > __% of existing dentition
75%
If bone loss is localized what should you do to diagnosing?
specifiy locations
What do you note when doing a radiographic examination on roots for periodontal disease?
● length
● shape – conical, diverging, curves, dilaceration, hypercementosis, etc…
● crown:root ratio
● Atypical multiple roots
● Proximity to adjacent roots
What is better for keeping teeth: long root or short roots?
long roots
What is better for retention of teeth: atypical multiple roots or normal amount?
atypical multiple roots
What is better for retention of teeth: crowding or normally spaced teeth?
normally spaced teeth
- crowding causes thin bone between roots
What is better for retention of teeth: diverging or converging?
diverging