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Internal Med EOR > Internal Med Neurology > Flashcards

Internal Med Neurology Flashcards

1
Q

s/s of bells palsy

A

unilateral weakness of facial muscles

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2
Q

diagnosis of bells palsy

A

clinical

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3
Q

treatment of bells palsy

A
  • prednisone
  • valacyclovir
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4
Q

s/s of cerebral aneurysm rupture

A

thunderclap HA

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5
Q

s/s of cluster HA

A
  • ipsilateral autonomic sx (HA, sweating, skin flushing)
  • grouped attacks over weeks to months
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6
Q

Treatment of cluster headaches

A

high flow oxygen with non-rebreather

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7
Q

etiology of complex regional pain syndrome

A

follows trauma

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8
Q

s/s of CRPS

A
  • neuropathic pain
  • swelling, erythema, edema
  • joint fibrosis and stiffness
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9
Q

diagnosis of CRPS

A
  • clinical
  • increased uptake on bone scan
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10
Q

treatment of CRPS

A
  • NSAIDS
  • add neuropathic pain med
  • Lidocaine
  • Bisphosphonates if abnormal uptake on bone scan.
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11
Q

etiology of encephalitis

A

herpesviruses

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12
Q

s/s of encephalitis

A
  • fever
  • n/v
  • HA
  • altered mental status
  • meningeal signs
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13
Q

diagnosis of encephalitis

A

CSF PCR amplification

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14
Q

treatment of encephalitis

A
  • antivirals
  • neuro checks
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15
Q

s/s of essential tremor

A
  • bilateral
  • goal directed movements
  • resolves with rest and alcohol
  • exacerbated by stress
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16
Q

diagnosis of essential tremor

A

clinical

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17
Q

treatment of essential tremor

A
  • propranolol
  • primidone
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18
Q

Etiology of giant cell arteritis

A

Autoimmune vasculitis

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19
Q

s/s of giant cell arteritis

A
  • jaw claudication
  • temporal HA
  • scalp tenderness
  • Vision loss/changes if severe
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20
Q

diagnosis of giant cell arteritis

A

temporal artery biopsy

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21
Q

treatment of giant cell arteritis

A

high dose steroids

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22
Q

etiology of GBS

A

Autoimmune process stimulated by viral or bacterial infection (campylobacter jejuni or CMV MC i think)

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23
Q

s/s of GBS

A
  • paresthesias in feet and works proximally
  • pain
  • proximal muscle weakness
  • paralysis
  • diminished DTRs
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24
Q

diagnosis of GBS

A

LP with CSF analysis

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25
Q

treatment of GBS

A
  • hospitalization
  • plasmapheresis and IVIG
26
Q

etiology of huntington’s disease

A

genetic mutation

27
Q

s/s of huntingtons disease

A
  • chorea
  • progressive loss of voluntary motor control
  • mental status changes
  • hypotonia
28
Q

diagnosis of huntington’s disease

A

genetic testing.

29
Q

management of huntington’s disease

A
  • dopamine inhibitor
  • symptomatic
30
Q

most common primary malignant brain tumor

A

glioma

31
Q

most aggressive glioma

A

glioblastoma

32
Q

MC malignant brain tumor in children

A

Medulloblastoma

33
Q

astrocyte

A

Forms blood-brain barrier in CNS

34
Q

oligodendrocyte

A

creates myelin

35
Q

ependymal cell

A

create CSF

36
Q

microglia

A

clear debris and dead neurons

37
Q

management of glioma

A
  • surgical resection
  • if over 40 or unable to remove whole tumor: radiation followed by chemo
38
Q

characteristics of medulloblastoma

A

originates in the cerebellum

39
Q

meningioma

A

tumor that develops of the dura mater or arachnoid mater

40
Q

etiology of meningitis

A
  • hematogenous spread
  • strep pneumo
41
Q

s/s of meningitis

A
  • HA
  • fever
  • meningeal signs
  • rash with neisseria
42
Q

diagnosis of meningitis

A

lumbar puncture

43
Q

treatment of meningitis

A
  • dexamethasone
  • rocephin + vanc
  • acyclovir
  • infant: cefotaxime
  • under 1mo and over 50y: ampicillin
  • tick season: doxy
  • anaerobic need: flagyl
44
Q

s/s of migraines

A
  • unilateral, throbbing, headaches
  • n/v
  • aura
  • photophobia
  • phonophobia
45
Q

treatment of migraines

A
  • naproxen
  • triptans
  • preventative meds
46
Q

etiology of multiple sclerosis

A

autoimmune

47
Q

s/s of multiple sclerosis

A
  • paraesthesias
  • hypesthesias
  • unpleasant sensations
  • pain
  • optic neuritis
  • weakness
  • trigeminal neuralgia
48
Q

diagnosis of multiple sclerosis

A
  • 2 or more signs and 2 or more symptoms
  • sx lasting over 24 hours and separated by at least a month
  • MRI lesions
  • oligoclonal bands on CSF
  • elevated intrathecal IgG
49
Q

treatment of multiple sclerosis

A
  • steroids
  • plasma exchange
  • ocrevus
50
Q

etiology of myasthenia gravis

A
  • autoimmune
  • anti-AchR
  • anti-MuSK
51
Q

s/s of myasthenia gravis

A
  • progressive muscle weakness
  • ptosis
52
Q

diagnosis of myasthenia gravis

A
  • ice pack test
  • serology
  • repetitive nerve stimulation
  • single fiber electromyography
53
Q

treatment of myasthenia gravis

A
  • anticholinesterase inhibitors (pyridostigmine)
  • Steroids
  • IVIG (myasthenic crisis)
  • thymectomy
54
Q

s/s of parkinsons

A
  • tremor
  • bradykinesia
  • intellectual decline
  • rigidity
55
Q

diagnosis of parkinsons

A

clinical

56
Q

treatment of parkinsons

A

levo-dopa

57
Q

etiology of carpal tunnel

A

compression of median nerve

58
Q

s/s of carpal tunnel

A
  • neuro sx to digits 1-3
  • thenar trophy
  • tinel and phalen
59
Q

diagnosis of carpal tunnel

A

NCS/EMG

60
Q

treatment of carpal tunnel

A

cock up wrist splint

61
Q

etiology of tension HA

A

stress

62
Q

treatment of tension HA

A
  • NSAIDs and tylenol
  • control stress and anxiety

Internal Med EOR (16 decks)

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