Internal Med Neurology Flashcards
1
Q
s/s of bells palsy
A
unilateral weakness of facial muscles
2
Q
diagnosis of bells palsy
A
clinical
3
Q
treatment of bells palsy
A
- prednisone
- valacyclovir
4
Q
s/s of cerebral aneurysm rupture
A
thunderclap HA
5
Q
s/s of cluster HA
A
- ipsilateral autonomic sx (HA, sweating, skin flushing)
- grouped attacks over weeks to months
6
Q
Treatment of cluster headaches
A
high flow oxygen with non-rebreather
7
Q
etiology of complex regional pain syndrome
A
follows trauma
8
Q
s/s of CRPS
A
- neuropathic pain
- swelling, erythema, edema
- joint fibrosis and stiffness
9
Q
diagnosis of CRPS
A
- clinical
- increased uptake on bone scan
10
Q
treatment of CRPS
A
- NSAIDS
- add neuropathic pain med
- Lidocaine
- Bisphosphonates if abnormal uptake on bone scan.
11
Q
etiology of encephalitis
A
herpesviruses
12
Q
s/s of encephalitis
A
- fever
- n/v
- HA
- altered mental status
- meningeal signs
13
Q
diagnosis of encephalitis
A
CSF PCR amplification
14
Q
treatment of encephalitis
A
- antivirals
- neuro checks
15
Q
s/s of essential tremor
A
- bilateral
- goal directed movements
- resolves with rest and alcohol
- exacerbated by stress
16
Q
diagnosis of essential tremor
A
clinical
17
Q
treatment of essential tremor
A
- propranolol
- primidone
18
Q
Etiology of giant cell arteritis
A
Autoimmune vasculitis
19
Q
s/s of giant cell arteritis
A
- jaw claudication
- temporal HA
- scalp tenderness
- Vision loss/changes if severe
20
Q
diagnosis of giant cell arteritis
A
temporal artery biopsy
21
Q
treatment of giant cell arteritis
A
high dose steroids
22
Q
etiology of GBS
A
Autoimmune process stimulated by viral or bacterial infection (campylobacter jejuni or CMV MC i think)
23
Q
s/s of GBS
A
- paresthesias in feet and works proximally
- pain
- proximal muscle weakness
- paralysis
- diminished DTRs
24
Q
diagnosis of GBS
A
LP with CSF analysis
25
treatment of GBS
* hospitalization
* plasmapheresis and IVIG
26
etiology of huntington's disease
genetic mutation
27
s/s of huntingtons disease
* chorea
* progressive loss of voluntary motor control
* mental status changes
* hypotonia
28
diagnosis of huntington's disease
genetic testing.
29
management of huntington's disease
* dopamine inhibitor
* symptomatic
30
most common primary malignant brain tumor
glioma
31
most aggressive glioma
glioblastoma
32
MC malignant brain tumor in children
Medulloblastoma
33
astrocyte
Forms blood-brain barrier in CNS
34
oligodendrocyte
creates myelin
35
ependymal cell
create CSF
36
microglia
clear debris and dead neurons
37
management of glioma
* surgical resection
* if over 40 or unable to remove whole tumor: radiation followed by chemo
38
characteristics of medulloblastoma
originates in the cerebellum
39
meningioma
tumor that develops of the dura mater or arachnoid mater
40
etiology of meningitis
* hematogenous spread
* strep pneumo
41
s/s of meningitis
* HA
* fever
* meningeal signs
* rash with neisseria
42
diagnosis of meningitis
lumbar puncture
43
treatment of meningitis
* dexamethasone
* rocephin + vanc
* acyclovir
* infant: cefotaxime
* under 1mo and over 50y: ampicillin
* tick season: doxy
* anaerobic need: flagyl
44
s/s of migraines
* unilateral, throbbing, headaches
* n/v
* aura
* photophobia
* phonophobia
45
treatment of migraines
* naproxen
* triptans
* preventative meds
46
etiology of multiple sclerosis
autoimmune
47
s/s of multiple sclerosis
* paraesthesias
* hypesthesias
* unpleasant sensations
* pain
* optic neuritis
* weakness
* trigeminal neuralgia
48
diagnosis of multiple sclerosis
* 2 or more signs and 2 or more symptoms
* sx lasting over 24 hours and separated by at least a month
* MRI lesions
* oligoclonal bands on CSF
* elevated intrathecal IgG
49
treatment of multiple sclerosis
* steroids
* plasma exchange
* ocrevus
50
etiology of myasthenia gravis
* autoimmune
* anti-AchR
* anti-MuSK
51
s/s of myasthenia gravis
* progressive muscle weakness
* ptosis
52
diagnosis of myasthenia gravis
* ice pack test
* serology
* repetitive nerve stimulation
* single fiber electromyography
53
treatment of myasthenia gravis
* anticholinesterase inhibitors (pyridostigmine)
* Steroids
* IVIG (myasthenic crisis)
* thymectomy
54
s/s of parkinsons
* tremor
* bradykinesia
* intellectual decline
* rigidity
55
diagnosis of parkinsons
clinical
56
treatment of parkinsons
levo-dopa
57
etiology of carpal tunnel
compression of median nerve
58
s/s of carpal tunnel
* neuro sx to digits 1-3
* thenar trophy
* tinel and phalen
59
diagnosis of carpal tunnel
NCS/EMG
60
treatment of carpal tunnel
cock up wrist splint
61
etiology of tension HA
stress
62
treatment of tension HA
* NSAIDs and tylenol
* control stress and anxiety
