Internal med infectious disease Flashcards
etiology of botulism
home canned food
s/s of botulism
- dry mouth
- slurred speech
- dysphagia
- blurred vision
- respiratory failure
- n/v/abdominal cramps
treatment of botulism
- supportive
- antitoxin
s/s of candidiasis
White, thick, curdy discharge
diagnosis of candidiasis
KOH prep
treatment of candidiasis
fluconazole
S/S of chlamydia
- often asymptomatic
- purulent discharge
treatment of chlamydia
azithromycin or doxycycline
etiology of cholera
ingestion of contaminated food or water
s/s of cholera
rice water stool
etiology of cryptococcosis
spores found in soil and pigeon dung
treatment of cholera
doxy
s/s of cryptococcosis
- pulmonary failure
- skin nodular lesions
- meningitis
treatment of cryptococcosis
- pneumonia: fluconazole
- meningitis: amphotericin B + flucytosine
s/s of CMV
- fever, malaise, arthralgias
- newborns: hepatitis, MR, hearing loss
treatment of CMV
Ganciclovir
s/s of diphtheria
grey membrane covering tonsils
treatment of diphtheria
- antitoxin
- PCN or erythromycin
s/s of EBV
- malaise
- sore throat
- tonsillar enlargement
- lymphadenopathy
- splenomegaly
- palatal petechiae
- maculopapular rash
diagnosis of EBV
- monospot
- antibodies
treatment of EBV
supportive
s/s of gonorrhea
- may be asymptomatic
- yellow-green purulent discharge
*& erythematous cervix
treatment of gonorrhea
rocephin
HSV 1 vs 2
1 - oral
2 - genital
s/s of HSV
- prodrome
- vesicles
- form into crusts
diagnosis of HSV
- tzank smear
- PCR
treatment of HSV
antivirals
etiology of histoplasmosis
-bird and bat droppings
s/s of histoplasmosis
- splenic calcification
- lymph node calcification
- fever
- dyspnea
- miliary infiltrates
treatment of histoplasmosis
- itraconazole
- amphotericin B
s/s of influenza
- fever and chills
- fatigue
- HA
- myalgias
diagnosis of influenza
- rapid flu swab
- viral culture
treatment of influenza
- supportive
- tamiflu if in first 48 hours
coverage of tamiflu vs amantadine
tamiflu: flu A and B
amantadine: flu a only
s/s of lyme disease
- Bull’s eye rash
- flu like sx
diagnosis of lyme
- ELISA
- western blot
treatment of lyme
Doxycycline
s/s of pertussis
- catarrhal: URI sx
- paroxysmal: whooping cough
- convalescent: chronic cough
treatment of pertussis
azithromycin
etiology of pneumocystis
HIV/AIDS patients
treatment of pneumocystis
Bactrim
s/s of pneumocystis
- fever
- tachypnea
- SOB
- nonproductive cough
- bibasilar lung crackles
s/s of rabies
- flu like sx for 2-3 days
- neuro sx for days 2-10
- then death
treatment of rabies
- immunoglobulin into wound
- vaccine on days 1,3,7, and 14
S/S of Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
rash on wrists and ankles that spreads centrally
treatment of rocky mountain spotted fever
doxycycline
etiology of salmonella
contaminated food or drink
s/s of salmonella
- bloody pea soup diarrhea
- rose spots
- n/v
- fever
treatment of salmonella
cipro
s/s of shigella
- bloody diarrhea
- lower abdominal cramps
- fever
- WBC
treatment of shigella
- rehydration
- cipro or bactrim
s/s of syphilis
- primary: painless ulcer
- secondary: rash
- tertiary: gummas and neuro sx
treatment of syphilis
PCN
s/s of tetanus
- stiffness
- difficulty swallowing
- HA
- trismus
- tonic muscle spasms
treatment of tetanus
- immune globulin
- tetanus vaccine
- PCN or flagyl
s/s of toxoplasmosis
- mono-like
- encephalitis with brain lesions
- retinochoroiditis
diagnosis of toxoplasmosis
antibodies and PCR
treatment of toxoplasmosis
- none in immunocompetent persons
- pregnancy: spiramycin
- immunodeficiency: pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine
S/S of tuberculosis
- fever
- night sweats
- loss of energy/appetite
- weight loss
- hemoptysis
treatment of TB
- Isoniazid
- Rifampin
- Pyrazinamide
- Streptomycin
s/s of varicella
- vesicles
- flu like sx
treatment of varicella
antivirals
s/s of herpes zoster
- dermatomal vesicles
- neuralgia
treatment of herpes zoster
antivirals
