Internal med infectious disease Flashcards
1
Q
etiology of botulism
A
home canned food
2
Q
s/s of botulism
A
- dry mouth
- slurred speech
- dysphagia
- blurred vision
- respiratory failure
- n/v/abdominal cramps
3
Q
treatment of botulism
A
- supportive
- antitoxin
4
Q
s/s of candidiasis
A
White, thick, curdy discharge
5
Q
diagnosis of candidiasis
A
KOH prep
6
Q
treatment of candidiasis
A
fluconazole
7
Q
S/S of chlamydia
A
- often asymptomatic
- purulent discharge
8
Q
treatment of chlamydia
A
azithromycin or doxycycline
9
Q
etiology of cholera
A
ingestion of contaminated food or water
10
Q
s/s of cholera
A
rice water stool
10
Q
etiology of cryptococcosis
A
spores found in soil and pigeon dung
11
Q
treatment of cholera
A
doxy
12
Q
s/s of cryptococcosis
A
- pulmonary failure
- skin nodular lesions
- meningitis
13
Q
treatment of cryptococcosis
A
- pneumonia: fluconazole
- meningitis: amphotericin B + flucytosine
14
Q
s/s of CMV
A
- fever, malaise, arthralgias
- newborns: hepatitis, MR, hearing loss
15
Q
treatment of CMV
A
Ganciclovir
16
Q
s/s of diphtheria
A
grey membrane covering tonsils
17
Q
treatment of diphtheria
A
- antitoxin
- PCN or erythromycin
18
Q
s/s of EBV
A
- malaise
- sore throat
- tonsillar enlargement
- lymphadenopathy
- splenomegaly
- palatal petechiae
- maculopapular rash
19
Q
diagnosis of EBV
A
- monospot
- antibodies
20
Q
treatment of EBV
A
supportive
21
Q
s/s of gonorrhea
A
- may be asymptomatic
- yellow-green purulent discharge
*& erythematous cervix
22
Q
treatment of gonorrhea
A
rocephin
23
Q
HSV 1 vs 2
A
1 - oral
2 - genital
24
s/s of HSV
* prodrome
* vesicles
* form into crusts
25
diagnosis of HSV
* tzank smear
* PCR
26
treatment of HSV
antivirals
27
etiology of histoplasmosis
-bird and bat droppings
28
s/s of histoplasmosis
* splenic calcification
* lymph node calcification
* fever
* dyspnea
* miliary infiltrates
29
treatment of histoplasmosis
* itraconazole
* amphotericin B
30
s/s of influenza
* fever and chills
* fatigue
* HA
* myalgias
31
diagnosis of influenza
* rapid flu swab
* viral culture
32
treatment of influenza
* supportive
* tamiflu if in first 48 hours
33
coverage of tamiflu vs amantadine
tamiflu: flu A and B
amantadine: flu a only
34
s/s of lyme disease
* Bull's eye rash
* flu like sx
35
diagnosis of lyme
* ELISA
* western blot
36
treatment of lyme
Doxycycline
37
s/s of pertussis
* catarrhal: URI sx
* paroxysmal: whooping cough
* convalescent: chronic cough
38
treatment of pertussis
azithromycin
39
etiology of pneumocystis
HIV/AIDS patients
40
treatment of pneumocystis
Bactrim
41
s/s of pneumocystis
* fever
* tachypnea
* SOB
* nonproductive cough
* bibasilar lung crackles
42
s/s of rabies
* flu like sx for 2-3 days
* neuro sx for days 2-10
* then death
43
treatment of rabies
* immunoglobulin into wound
* vaccine on days 1,3,7, and 14
44
S/S of Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
rash on wrists and ankles that spreads centrally
45
treatment of rocky mountain spotted fever
doxycycline
46
etiology of salmonella
contaminated food or drink
47
s/s of salmonella
* bloody pea soup diarrhea
* rose spots
* n/v
* fever
48
treatment of salmonella
cipro
49
s/s of shigella
* bloody diarrhea
* lower abdominal cramps
* fever
* WBC
50
treatment of shigella
* rehydration
* cipro or bactrim
51
s/s of syphilis
* primary: painless ulcer
* secondary: rash
* tertiary: gummas and neuro sx
52
treatment of syphilis
PCN
53
s/s of tetanus
* stiffness
* difficulty swallowing
* HA
* trismus
* tonic muscle spasms
54
treatment of tetanus
* immune globulin
* tetanus vaccine
* PCN or flagyl
55
s/s of toxoplasmosis
* mono-like
* encephalitis with brain lesions
* retinochoroiditis
56
diagnosis of toxoplasmosis
antibodies and PCR
57
treatment of toxoplasmosis
* none in immunocompetent persons
* pregnancy: spiramycin
* immunodeficiency: pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine
58
S/S of tuberculosis
* fever
* night sweats
* loss of energy/appetite
* weight loss
* hemoptysis
59
treatment of TB
* Isoniazid
* Rifampin
* Pyrazinamide
* Streptomycin
60
s/s of varicella
* vesicles
* flu like sx
61
treatment of varicella
antivirals
62
s/s of herpes zoster
* dermatomal vesicles
* neuralgia
63
treatment of herpes zoster
antivirals
