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Internal Med EOR > Internal med cardiology > Flashcards

Internal med cardiology Flashcards

1
Q

angina pectoris

A

stable, predictable chest pain that occurs when the heart is under stress

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2
Q

treatment of stable angina

A

goes away with rest and NTG

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3
Q

Diagnosis of stable angina

A
  • EKG is the initial test of choice, but can often be normal (could show ST depression)
  • stress testing is the best noninvasive test
  • coronary angiography is definitive
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4
Q

etiology of infectious myocarditis

A

MC viral and bacterial

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5
Q

presentation of myocarditis

A
  • SOB
  • CP
  • fever/chills
  • pericardial friction rub
  • tachycardia
  • heart failure
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6
Q

diagnosis of myocarditis

A
  • echo
  • biopsy
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7
Q

treatment of myocarditis

A
  • consult cardiology
  • NSAIDs
  • ACEI/BB
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8
Q

etiology of noninfectious myocarditis

A
  • meds
  • drugs
  • toxic substances
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9
Q

MCC of HF

A

ischemic cardiomyopathy

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10
Q

presentation of ischemic cardiomyopathy

A

systolic HF

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11
Q

diagnosis of ischemic cardiomyopathy

A

echo

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12
Q

management of ischemic cardiomyopathy

A
  • revascularization
  • defibrillator
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13
Q

etiology of dilated cardiomyopathy

A
  • idiopathic
  • viral
  • bacterial
  • genetic
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14
Q

presentation of dilated cardiomyopathy

A
  • HF
  • arrhythmias
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15
Q

diagnosis of dilated cardiomyopathy

A
  • BNP
  • echo
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16
Q

treatment of dilated cardiomyopathy

A
  • CHF management
  • defibrillator
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17
Q

presentation of HCM

A
  • CP, syncope, SCA
  • murmur louder with valsalva
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18
Q

diagnosis of HCM

A

echo

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19
Q

management of HCM

A
  • BB
  • septal ablation
20
Q

what should be avoided in HCM?

A

diuretics and vasodilators

21
Q

etiology of restrictive cardiomyopathy

A
  • amyloidosis/sarcoidosis
  • radiation
22
Q

presentation of restrictive cardiomyopathy

A

RHF

23
Q

diagnosis of restrictive cardiomyopathy

A
  • echo/cardiac MRI
  • biopsy
24
Q

treatment of restrictive cardiomyopathy

A
  • treat underlying cause
  • diuretics
25
Q

etiology of infective endocarditis

A

staph aureus

26
Q

s/s of infective endocarditis

A
  • fever/chills
  • night sweats
  • murmur
  • petechiae or splinter hemorrhages
  • janeway lesions
  • osler nodes
  • roth spots
27
Q

MC affected valve in endocarditis in IVDU

A

tricuspid

28
Q

if a young patient has a stroke, suspect …

A

endocarditis

29
Q

major criteria of endocarditis

A
  • positive blood cultures
  • evidence of involvement on echo
  • murmur
30
Q

minor criteria of endocarditis

A
  • IVDU
  • fever
  • vascular sx
  • immunologic sx
  • single positive blood culture
31
Q

diagnosis of endocarditis

A
  • 2 major criteria
  • 1 major and 3 minor
  • 5 minor
32
Q

management of endocarditis

A
  • native valve: pen G, gent, vanc
  • IVDU: naf, gent, vanc
  • prosthetic valve: rifampin, gent, vanc
33
Q

Endocarditis prophylaxis

A

amoxicillin for oral procedures, I&D, respiratory procedures

34
Q

diagnosis of HTN

A

stage 1: 130-139/80-89
stage 2: >140 or >90

35
Q

how to determine if patients need HTN drugs?

A
  • if stage 1: assess ASCVD risk and if over 10%, then treat
  • if stage 2: treat
36
Q

management of HTN

A
  • non AA: thiazide, ACE/ARB, CCB
  • AA: thiazide or CCB
37
Q

indications for statin therapy

A
  • prior ASCVD
  • LDL over 190
  • age 40-75 with DM and LDL>70
  • age 40-75 without ASCVD or DM, whose LDL is 70-189 and ASCVD is >7.5
38
Q

if prior ASVCD…

A

high intensity statin

39
Q

if LDL is over 190…

A

high intensity statin

40
Q

if 40-75 and DM and LDL>70…

A
  • medium intensity statin
  • high intensity if over 50 and multiple risk factors
41
Q

etiology of pericarditis

A

viral

42
Q

s/s of pericarditis

A
  • CP worse when laying on back
  • friction rub
  • fever
  • diffuse ST elevation
43
Q

diagnosis of pericarditis

A
  • EKG
  • echo
44
Q

treatment of pericarditis

A

NSAIDs

45
Q

major manifestations of rheumatic fever

A
  • carditis
  • polyarthritis
  • chorea
  • erythema marginatum
  • sq nodules
46
Q

minor manifestations of rheumatic fever

A
  • prior rheumatic fever
  • polyarthralgia
  • fever
  • leukocytosis
  • evidence of strep infection
47
Q

treatment of rheumatic fever

A
  • PCN G
  • ASA or NSAIDs

Internal Med EOR (18 decks)

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