Internal Med Hematology Flashcards
s/s of leukemia
- fever
- anemia
- lymphadenopathy
- bone pain
diagnosis of ALL
- bone marrow biopsy
- lymphoblasts
treatment of ALL
- induction chemo and CNS prophylaxis
- post-remission therapy
diagnosis of CLL
- lymphocytes
- smudge cells
treatment of CLL
multidrug chemo
diagnosis of AML
- auer rods
- myeloblasts
treatment of AML
multidrug chemo and postremission chemo
diagnosis of CML
- philadelphia chromosome
- myelocytes
treatment of CML
TK inhibitors
S/S of Anemia of chronic disease
fatigue, weakness, DOE, anorexia
treatment of anemia of chronic disease
- treat underlying cause
- EPO
- transfusions
etiology of G6PD deficiency
x-linked recessive
S/S of G6PD Deficiency
- heinz bodies
- jaundice
- triggers (fava beans, asa, abx, and azo)
- dark urine
- abd or lumbar pain
Treatment of G6PD deficiency
- avoid triggers
- folic acid supplementation
s/s of ITP
- generally healthy kid
- petechiae
- purpura
- ecchymoses
- mucosal bleeding
diagnosis of ITP
isolated thrombocytopenia
treatment of ITP
- watchful waiting at first
- severe: steroids
etiology of iron deficiency anemia
- deficient intake
- chronic blood loss
- decreased absorption
s/s of iron deficiency anemia
- pallor
- fatigue
- pica
- brittle nails
treatment of iron deficiency anemia
iron replacement
presentation of non-hodgkin lymphoma
- painless lymphadenopathy
- constitutional symptoms
diagnosis of non-hodgkin lymphoma
lymph node biopsy
treatment of non-hodgkin lymphoma
single or multidrug chemo
presentation of hodgkin lymphoma
- painless lymph mass
- reed sternberg cells
- constitutional symptoms
treatment of hodgkin lymphoma
multidrug chemo
presentation of multiple myeloma
- bone pain
- pathologic fractures
- plasmacytomas
diagnosis of multiple myeloma
- RBC rouleaux
- lytic bone lesions
management of multiple myeloma
- induction chemo
- stem cell transplant
- radiation
etiology of sickle cell anemia
autosomal recessive
diagnosis of sickle cell
- sickle cells
- howell jolly bodies
- HbF
treatment of sickle cell anemia
- folic acid supplementation
- hydroxyurea
- hydration, oxygen, pain control
- definitive: stem cell transplant
etiology of alpha thalassemia
gene deletions leading to reduced alpha chain synthesis
s/s of alpha thalassemia
- target cells
- inclusion bodies
Treatment of alpha thalassemia
- trait: none
- hemoglobin H: folic acid
- hydrops fetalis: typically lethal in womb
s/s of beta thalassemia
- chipmunk face
- target cells
- thin long bones
- pathologic fractures
treatment of beta thalassemia
bone marrow transplant
etiology of TTP
adamts13
s/s of TTP
- AMS
- fatigue
- petechiae
- fever
- dark urine
diagnosis of TTP
- schistocytes
- negative coombs test
treatment of TTP
plasma exchange with FFP
presentation of B12 deficiency
- anemia
- fatigue
- neuropathy
- glossitis
- angular cheilosis
diagnosis of B12 deficiency
- increased methymalonic acid
- increased homocysteine
treatment of B12 deficiency
replacement
s/s of folic acid deficiency
- anemia
- glossitis
- fatigue
- anglar cheilosis
- NO neuropathy
treatment of folic acid deficiency
replacement
