Internal Insect Morphology 2

Question 1

What do sensory neurons do? (2)

Answer 1

Associated with sensory structures

Sends stimuli to the CNS

Question 2

What do motor neurons do? (2)

Answer 2

Associated with muscles and glands

Sends stimuli to the CNS and transmits to muscles

Question 3

What do interneurons do?

Answer 3

Interconnects different types of neurons

Question 4

What is a neuron made of?

Answer 4

Consists of a dendrite, axon, and cell body

Question 5

What are dendrites?

Answer 5

Dendrites receives information from axon terminals through the synapse

Question 6

How is stimilus detected? (3)

Answer 6

Hair detects stimuli, activating the sensory neuron, which is sent to the ganglion

Ganglion then sends information to the brain

Brain returns signal to the ganglion which activates appropriate motor neuron

Question 7

What makes up the central nervous system? (3)

Answer 7

Brain

ventral nerve cord

ganglia

Question 8

What are ganglions? (3)

Answer 8

Thickening bulb portions of the nerve cord

Possess connected neurons of all three types

Separated into frontal, thoracic, and abdominal

Question 9

What does the subesophogial ganglion connect and do?

Answer 9

Connects mandibular nerve, maxillary nerve, and labial nerve

When insects intakes food, neurons are activated to produce saliva, digestion proteins, and other secretion to help ingest and digest

Question 10

What does the peripheral nervous system do?

Answer 10

Receives information from the environment and sends action potentials to the CNS

Question 11

What does the female reproductive system do? (4)

Answer 11

Receive sperm

To store sperm

To manipulate sperm

Produce eggs

Question 12

What is spermatheca?

Answer 12

Sperm is received and kept in the spermatheca

Question 13

What is the male reproductive system made of?

Answer 13

accessory gland and aedeaguys

Question 14

What does the accessory gland do?

Answer 14

makes the sperm to attract female

Question 15

What does the aedagus do?

Answer 15

detach to prevent other males from mating with the same female

Question 16

What does oviparous mean, how common is it, and what is a disadvantage?

Answer 16

Eggs laid outside the body

Most common mode

High chance of predation

Question 17

What does ovoviparous mean, and how do eggs receive nutrients?

Answer 17

Eggs retained in the female body

Provide nutrients from egg yolks

Question 18

What does viviparous mean, where does the embryo develop, and how does it receive nutrients?

Answer 18

Live birth

Embryos are developed within the female

Provides nutrients from accessory glands and other tissues

Question 19

What does parthogenesis mean, and an example?

Answer 19

Unfertilized eggs developing into embryos

Daughters are clones and are ready to reproduce

Ex- female aphids reproducing asexually in optimal environment

Question 20

What does holocyclic asexual reproduction mean?

Answer 20

Females producing male offspring because genetic variation from sexual reproduction is needed

Question 21

What does haplodiploidy sex determination mean?

Answer 21

Unfertilized eggs- haploid- male

Fertilized eggs- diploid- female

Question 22

What does paedogenesis mean? (2)

Answer 22

Offsprings are produced by reproductively mature juveniles

Complex life cycle where adult females may only be produced by certain conditions

Question 23

What does polyembryony mean, where is it found, and how does it receive nutrients?

Answer 23

Single egg splits into multiple embryos
Range from 10 to 1,000 individuals

Found only in parasitic wasps

Receives nutrients from host

Question 24

What does the endocrine system do? (3)

Answer 24

Maintain homeostasis

Coordinate behavior in social insects

Produces neurohormones to regulate growth and development

Question 25

What is ecdysis?

Answer 25

molting hormones

Question 26

What does protharcotropic hormone do? (PTTH)

Answer 26

Stimulates the ecdysial gland to produce an ecdysone steroid

Question 27

What does the juvenile hormone do?

Answer 27

Regulates development, metamorphosis, and reproduction

Question 28

How do hormones help in development?

Answer 28

causes epidermis to produce soft-bodied larval cuticle

Question 29

How do hormones help in reproduction?

Answer 29

stimulates vitellogenin, a protein that helps make eggs, in females