Intergroup Relations Chapter 11 MCQ

Question 1

Sterotype

Answer 1

A simplified but widely shared belief about a characteristic of a group and its members

Question 2

Prejudice

Answer 2

A negative, affective prejudgement about a group and its individual members

Question 3

Discimination

Answer 3

Negative treatment of a group member simply because of their group membership

Question 4

Illusory correlation bias

Answer 4

An exaggerated perception of a correlatio between two variables. In intergroup relations, the perception that a behaviour is more frequenctly displayed by a minority than a majority group, when the behaviour is displayed equally by both groups, in proportional terms

Question 5

Dogmatism

Answer 5

The tendency for people to be able to tolerate mutually inconsistent beliefs by isolating them from each other in memory

Question 6

Personal need for structure (PNS)

Answer 6

A persons preference for structure and clarity in most situations, and level of annoyance experienced by ambiguity

Question 7

Authoritarianism

Answer 7

A form of social organisation characterized by preference for, and submission to, authority

Question 8

Right-wing authoritarianism

Answer 8

An individual differences variables characterized by authoritarian submission, authoritarian aggression and conventionalism

Question 9

Social dominance orientation

Answer 9

An individual differences variable that measures peoples preferences for hierarchy within any social system

Question 10

Ethnocentrism

Answer 10

Preference for ones own group, and features of ones own group, over others

Question 11

Contact hypothesis

Answer 11

Theory of prejudice reduction, which proposes that prejudice and conflict between groups can be reduced by bringing them together

Question 12

Superordinate goal

Answer 12

A goal that two (or more) groups can aspire to but that can only be achieved by working together in cooperation

Question 13

Minimal group paradigm

Answer 13

Experimental manipulation that tests the effects of mere categorisation on behaviour

Question 14

Sexism

Answer 14

Beliefs about differences between men and women, the roles they perform, and beliefs concerning the appropriateness of these differences

Question 15

Hostile sexism

Answer 15

Traditionally sexist view of women that is characterised by the belief they they pose a threat to mens position

Question 16

Benevolent sexiam

Answer 16

Apparently positive view of women in which they are seen as necessary for mens happiness, superior in a number of ways

Question 17

Ambivalent sexism

Answer 17

Reconceptualisation of sexism to take into account the fact that sexism can include both positive and negative atittudes at the same time

Question 18

Social creativity

Answer 18

Preserving a positive self-image by identifying and giving weight to dimensions on which they are superior to the high status groups

Question 19

Objectification

Answer 19

The view of women as being represented by their bodies

Question 20

Moral credentialising

Answer 20

Demonstrating ones credentials (to be not prejudice), often means that people will express more prejudice

Question 21

Modern racism

Answer 21

Subtle and less aggressive form of prejudice based on race

Question 22

Ageism

Answer 22

Prejudice attitudes about a person or group because of their age

Question 23

Spontaneous trait inference

Answer 23

People sometimes spontaneously infer others traits from their behaviour without intending to or being aware

Question 24

Intergroup anxiety model

Answer 24

Model arguing that people expect negative outcomes when they interact with or anticipate interaction with outgroups

Question 25

Stereotype threat

Answer 25

Fear of being judges in terms of a stereotype and negatively fulfilling the stereotype. Stereotype threat leads to poorer performance on a task

Question 26

Stereotype lift

Answer 26

The reverse of stereotype threat. Fulfilling a positive stereotype leads to enhanced performance