Intergroup Relations Chapter 11 MCQ Flashcards
Sterotype
A simplified but widely shared belief about a characteristic of a group and its members
Prejudice
A negative, affective prejudgement about a group and its individual members
Discimination
Negative treatment of a group member simply because of their group membership
Illusory correlation bias
An exaggerated perception of a correlatio between two variables. In intergroup relations, the perception that a behaviour is more frequenctly displayed by a minority than a majority group, when the behaviour is displayed equally by both groups, in proportional terms
Dogmatism
The tendency for people to be able to tolerate mutually inconsistent beliefs by isolating them from each other in memory
Personal need for structure (PNS)
A persons preference for structure and clarity in most situations, and level of annoyance experienced by ambiguity
Authoritarianism
A form of social organisation characterized by preference for, and submission to, authority
Right-wing authoritarianism
An individual differences variables characterized by authoritarian submission, authoritarian aggression and conventionalism
Social dominance orientation
An individual differences variable that measures peoples preferences for hierarchy within any social system
Ethnocentrism
Preference for ones own group, and features of ones own group, over others
Contact hypothesis
Theory of prejudice reduction, which proposes that prejudice and conflict between groups can be reduced by bringing them together
Superordinate goal
A goal that two (or more) groups can aspire to but that can only be achieved by working together in cooperation
Minimal group paradigm
Experimental manipulation that tests the effects of mere categorisation on behaviour
Sexism
Beliefs about differences between men and women, the roles they perform, and beliefs concerning the appropriateness of these differences
Hostile sexism
Traditionally sexist view of women that is characterised by the belief they they pose a threat to mens position
Benevolent sexiam
Apparently positive view of women in which they are seen as necessary for mens happiness, superior in a number of ways
Ambivalent sexism
Reconceptualisation of sexism to take into account the fact that sexism can include both positive and negative atittudes at the same time
Social creativity
Preserving a positive self-image by identifying and giving weight to dimensions on which they are superior to the high status groups
Objectification
The view of women as being represented by their bodies
Moral credentialising
Demonstrating ones credentials (to be not prejudice), often means that people will express more prejudice
Modern racism
Subtle and less aggressive form of prejudice based on race
Ageism
Prejudice attitudes about a person or group because of their age
Spontaneous trait inference
People sometimes spontaneously infer others traits from their behaviour without intending to or being aware
Intergroup anxiety model
Model arguing that people expect negative outcomes when they interact with or anticipate interaction with outgroups
Stereotype threat
Fear of being judges in terms of a stereotype and negatively fulfilling the stereotype. Stereotype threat leads to poorer performance on a task
Stereotype lift
The reverse of stereotype threat. Fulfilling a positive stereotype leads to enhanced performance
