Group Behaviour Chapter 10 MCQ

Question 1

Group behaviour

Answer 1

Behaviourdisplayed by people who are acting within, and as, a group

Question 2

Group action

Answer 2

Behaviour by group members that is coordinated in order to achieve a common goal

Question 3

Co-presence

Answer 3

Performing a task in the presence of other people

Question 4

Social facilitation

Answer 4

The process by which the presence of others can facilitate heaviour

Question 5

Mere presence

Answer 5

Social facilitation effects need not necessarily be competitive. The simple presence of others is enough to facilitate behaviour

Question 6

Co-actors

Answer 6

People performing the same task at the same time but not performing the task collectively

Question 7

Social inhibition

Answer 7

The process by which the presence of others can hinder behaviour

Question 8

Drive

Answer 8

A negative state of tension associated with an unsatisfied need and motivates efforts to satisfy the need

Question 9

Evaluation apprehension

Answer 9

Concern about being evaluated by observers when performing a task

Question 10

Ringelmann effect

Answer 10

The observation that as group size increases, individual effort on the task decreases

Question 11

Social loafing

Answer 11

The tendency for peoples performance to decrease in a group when they are not individually responsible for their actions

Question 12

Free rider effect

Answer 12

The tendency for people to take advantage of a shared resource without having made an appropriate contribution

Question 13

Output equity

Answer 13

People like everyone to pull their weight on tasks but generally perceive that others load

Question 14

Contagion

Answer 14

Le Bon argued that this process leads to ideas being spread unpredictably and rapidly through crowds

Question 15

Individuation

Answer 15

The process of differentiating between people. This is essentially the opposite of deindividuation

Question 16

Attentional cues

Answer 16

Features of the environment that draw attention away from the self

Question 17

Accountability cues

Answer 17

Factors that determine what behaviours people can get away with in social context

Question 18

Emergent norm theory

Answer 18

Theory of crowd behaviour which argues that rather than being a product of randomness and process loss, behaviour in crowds is a result of social norms

Question 19

Social identity model of deindividuation effects (SIDE)

Answer 19

Theory of deindividuation phenomena arguing that such phenomena are largely a result of increased group focus rather than a loss of individual focus

Question 20

Risky shift

Answer 20

The finding that groups seem to make riskier decisions than individuals

Question 21

Group polarization

Answer 21

Group interaction strengthens the initial leanings of group members so that attitudes (and decisions) become polarized

Question 22

Pluralistic ignorance

Answer 22

A situation where a majority of group members privately reject a norm, but assume (incorrectly) that most others accept it

Question 23

Groupthink

Answer 23

The mode of thinking that groups engage in when cohesion seems more important than making the right decision and considering alternatives

Question 24

Brainstroming

Answer 24

Process of groups getting together and discussing a problem openly, allowing (many) ideas to flow freely

Question 25

Great person theory

Answer 25

Theory of leadership asserting that leaders have an ideal combination of personality traits that enables them to be effective

Question 26

Contingency theory of leadership

Answer 26

Theory arguing that leadership success is dependent on how task related or relationship oriented the leader is, and the amount of influence they have over the group