Interference

Question 1

Interference

Answer 1

Forgetting because one memory blocks another causeing the memory/s to be distorted or forgotten

Question 2

Proactive interference

Answer 2

Forgetting when already stored older memories disrupt the recall of newer memories

Question 3

Retroactive interference

Answer 3

Forgetting when newer memories disrupt the recall of older memories

Question 4

What is the main reason for forgetting in the LTM?

Answer 4

Interference, the memories are available but we cant access tehm

Question 5

Who researched rertoactive interference in 1931?

Answer 5

McGeoch and McDonald

Question 6

McGeoch and McDonald research

Answer 6

In the experiment studying retroactive interference, the similarity between two sets of materials were changed. Participants had to learn a list of 10 words until they could remember them with 100% accuracy

Question 7

McGeoch and McDonald groups learning different types of new lists

Answer 7

1. Synonyms
2. Antonyms
3. Words unrelated to the originals
4. Consonant syllables
5. Three-digit numbers
6. No new list

Question 8

Fidnings of the McGeoch and McDonald study

Answer 8

The participants in group 1 learning a new list of synonyms were the worst at recalling the original list

Question 9

McGeoch and McDonald conclusions

Answer 9

Interference is strongest when memories are similar

Question 10

Who researched forgetting adverts in 1988?

Answer 10

Raymond Burke and Thomas Skrull

Question 11

Bruke and Skrull research

Answer 11

Participants were presented with a series of magazine adverts and had to recall the details of what theu ahd seen, e.g. brand name

Question 12

Findings of Bruke and Skrull study

Answer 12

Some participants were worse at recalling earlier adverts, and other participants were worse at recalling the later ones. This effect was greater with similar adverts. E.g. the same product with different brands

Question 13

Alan Baddeleu and Graham Hitch research (1977)

Answer 13

Rugby players were asked to recall the names of the teams they had played against in the rugby season. The players played for the same time interval, but the number of games varied due to injuries

Question 14

Badeley and Hitch findings

Answer 14

Players who played the most games had the poorest memory - they had the most interference

Question 15

Baddeley and hitch conclusions

Answer 15

Interference operates in some real-world situations, increasing the validity of the theory

Question 16

Limitations of interference

Answer 16

Although it causes some forgetting in everyday life, it is unusual because the conditions necessary for interference are rare. This suggests that forgetting may be bettwe explained with another theory, e.g. retrieval failure

Question 17

Endel Tulving and Joseph Psotka reserach (1971)

Answer 17

Participants were given lists of words in different categories, and given one list at a time. The recalll for the first list was about 70%, but became progressively worse with each additional list leardes. After, the participants were told the names of the catefories and their recall rose to about 70% again

Question 18

Tulving and Psotka conclusions

Answer 18

Interference causes a temporary loss of accesdibility to memories in the LTM

Question 19

Anton Coenen and Gilles van Luijtelaar (1997) research

Answer 19

Participants were given a list of words and later asked to recall the list. When the list was leaned while the participants had taken diazepam the recall one week later was worse than the placebo control group. When the list was learned before the drug was taken the recall was better than the placebo group

Question 20

Coenen and Gilles conclusions

Answer 20

The drug improved the recall of the words learned beforehand, however it prevents new information from reaching the parts of the brain processing memories
These findings show that forgetting can be due to interference