Intelligence and IQ testing Flashcards
1
Q
What is intelligence?
A
a person’s ability to learn and remember information, to recognise concepts and their relations and to apply the information to their own behaviour in an adaptive way
2
Q
how to calculate IQ?
A
mental age/chronological age X 100
3
Q
what are the most commonly used IQ tests?
A
- the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale
- the Wechsler Intelligence scale for children
- the Wechsler Pre-School and primary scale of intelligence
4
Q
applications of intelligence tests
A
- educational - SATs, GAMSATs, DATs etc
- legal - competency to stand trial?
- medical - assess mental ability for diagnosis
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5
Q
What are the critiques of intelligence tests?
A
- reliability - IQ tests are reliable, but they are not very valid - is it really measuring intelligence? Or is it academic competency? do not assess social or emotional intelligence
- predictive success- IQ tests predict occupational attainment - high IQ= more likely to have a high status job - but poorly associated with job performance
- Cross cultural usefulness? translate poorly into language and cognitive frameworks of many non-western cultures
6
Q
what is the current perspective on intelligence tests?
A
traditional tests are too narrow in focus - now we realize there are a multiple number of intelligences- including emotional intelligence
7
Q
What are Gardner’s mutiple intelligences?
A
- logical-mathematical - sensitivity to and capacity to discern, logical or numerical
- linguistic - sensitivity to sounds, rhythms, and meanings of words
- musical - produce/appreciate rhythm pitch
- spatial - capacities to percieve the visual-spacial world
- bodily-kinesthetic- ability to control body movements and handle objects skillfully
- interpersonal - capacities to discern and respond appropriatetly to the moods, temperaments and motivations
- intrapersonal - access to one’s own feelings and the ability to discriminate between them
- naturalist - able to recognise and categorise objects and processes in nature
