Intelligence And Decision Making

Question 1

Short for “general factor” and is often used to be synonymous with intelligence itself

Answer 1

G

Question 2

An individual’s cognitive capability. Includes ability to acquire, process, recall and apply information

Answer 2

Intelligence

Question 3

Short for “intelligence quotient”, typically obtained from a widely used measure of intelligence that is meant to rank people’s intellectual ability against that of others

Answer 3

IQ

Question 4

Assessments are given to a representative sample of a population to determine the range of scores for that population. Then used to place an individual who takes that assessment on a range of scores in which he or she is compared to the population at large

Answer 4

Norm

Question 5

Assessments that are given in the exact same manner to all people. Scores from this are to be referenced against normative scores for a population.

Answer 5

Standardize

Question 6

The phenomenon in which people are concerned that they will conform to a stereotype or that their performance does conform to that stereotype, especially in instances in which the stereotype is brought to their conscious awareness.

Answer 6

Stereotype threat

Question 7

Correspondence between an individual’s needs or preferences and the rewards offered by the environment

Answer 7

Satisfaction

Question 8

Correspondence between an individual’s abilities and the ability requirements of the environment

Answer 8

Satisfactoriness

Question 9

Cognitive abilities that contain an appreciable component of g, but also contain a large component of a more content-focused talent such as mathematical, spatial, or verbal ability; patterns of specific abilities channel development down different paths as a function of an individual’s relative strength and weaknesses

Answer 9

Specific abilities

Question 10

Psychological frameworks that miss or neglect to include one or more of the critical determinants of the phenomenon under analysis

Answer 10

Under-determined or misspecified causal models

Question 11

The bias to be affected by an initial anchor, even if the anchor is arbitrary

Answer 11

Anchoring

Question 12

The systematic and predictable mistakes that influence the judgement of even very talented human beings

Answer 12

Biases

Question 13

Systematic ways in which our ethics are limited in ways we are not even aware of ourselves

Answer 13

Bounded ethicality

Question 14

Systematic ways in which we fail to notice obvious and important information that is available to us

Answer 14

Bounded awareness

Question 15

Model of human behaviour that suggests that humans try to make rational decisions but are bounded due to cognitive limitations

Answer 15

Bounded rationality

Question 16

Systematic and predictable ways in which we care about the outcomes of others

Answer 16

Bounded self-interest

Question 17

Tendency to place greater weight on present concerns rather than future concerns

Answer 17

Bounded willpower

Question 18

The bias to be systematically affected by the way in which information is presented, while holding the objective information constant

Answer 18

Framing

Question 19

Thinking strategies that simplify decision making by using mental short cuts

Answer 19

Heuristics

Question 20

The bias to have greater confidence in your judgement than is warranted based on a rational assessment

Answer 20

Overconfident

Question 21

Our intuitive decision-making system, which is typically fast, automatic, effortless, implicit, and emotional

Answer 21

System 1

Question 22

Our more deliberative decision making system, which is slower, conscious, effort full, explicit, and logical

Answer 22

System 2