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Medical Terminology > Integumentary System > Flashcards

Integumentary System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Genetic term for an agent (usually a hormone, such as testosterone and androsterone) that stimulates development of male characteristics

A

Androgen

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2
Q

Very small duct

A

Ductule

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3
Q

State in which the regulatory mechanism as of the body maintain an internal environment within tolerable levels, despite changes in the external environment

A

Homeostasis

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4
Q

Forming a complex substance by the union of simpler compounds or elements

A

Synthesize

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5
Q

Sub layers that make up the epidermis

A

Strata

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6
Q

The other name for the dermis, the second layer of skin

A

Corium

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7
Q

Sweat gland

A

Sudoriferous

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8
Q

Oil gland

A

Sebaceous

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9
Q

Armpits

A

Axillae

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10
Q

Composed of keratinized, stratified, squamous epithelial cells

A

Nail root

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11
Q

Regional where new nail growth occurs

A

Lunula

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12
Q

Epithelium that the nail slides over when it grows

A

Nail bed

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13
Q

The main, most visible part of the nail, appears pink

A

Nail body

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14
Q

throughout the body

A

systemic

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15
Q

over an area of definite size

A

localized

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16
Q

acute sensitivity to sensory stimuli such as touch, heat, or cold

A

hyperesthesia

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17
Q

fluid filled blisters

A

vesicles or bullae

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18
Q

skin grafting

A

dermatoplasty

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19
Q

loss of cellular differentiation and function

A

anaplasia

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20
Q

most common system used for staging tumors

A

tumor node metastasis (TNM) system

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21
Q

most common type of skin cancer, a malignancy of the basal layer of epidermis, or hair follicles

A

basal cell carcinoma (BCC)

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22
Q

arises from skin that undergoes pathological hardening of epidermal cells (keratinizing)

A

squamous cell carcinoma

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23
Q

Form of intraepidermal carcinoma (squamous cell) characterized by red-brown scaly or crusted lesions that resemble a patch of psoriasis or dermatitis

A

Bowen disease

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24
Q

Diffuse (widespread) acute infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue

A

Cellulitis

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25
Q

Pigmentary skin discoloration usually occurring in yellowish brown patches or spots

A

Chloasma

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26
Q

Typical small skin lesion of acne vulgaris caused by accumulation of keratin, bacteria, and dried sebum plugging an excretory duct of the skin

A

Comedo

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27
Q

Infection of the skin caused by fungi

A

Dermatomycosis

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28
Q

Skin discoloration consisting of a large irregular formed hemorrhagic area with colors changing from blue-black to greenish brown or yellow commonly called a bruise

A

Ecchymosis

29
Q

Chronic inflammatory skin condition that is characterized by erythema, papules, vesicles, pustules, scales, crusts, and scabs and accompanied by intense itching (puritis)

A

Eczema

30
Q

Redness of the skin caused by swelling of the capillaries

A

Erythema

31
Q

Dead matter that is sloughed off from the surface of the skin, especially after a burn

A

Eschar

32
Q

Bacterial skin infection characterized by isolated pustules that become crusted and rupture

A

Impetigo

33
Q

Thickened area of the epidermis or any horny growth on the skin (such as a callus or wart)

A

Keratosis

34
Q

Small brown macules, especially on the face and arms, brought on by sun exposure, usually in a middle aged or older person

A

Lentigo

35
Q

Unnatural paleness or absence of color in the skin

A

Pallor

36
Q

Infestation with lice, transmitted by personal contact or contact or common use of brushes, combs or headgear

A

Pediculosis

37
Q

Minute, pinpoint hemorrhage under the skin

A

Petechia

38
Q

Inflammation, sore, or skin deterioration caused by prolonged pressure from lying in one position that prevents blood flow to the tissues, usually in elderly bedridden persons, decubitus ulcer

A

Pressure ulcer

39
Q

Intense itching

A

Pruritus

40
Q

Chronic skin disease characterized by circumscribed red patches covered by thick, dry, silvery, adherent scales and caused by excessive development of the basal layer of the epidermis

A

Psoriasis

41
Q

Any of several bleeding disorders characterized by hemorrhage into the tissues, particularly beneath the skin or mucous membranes, producing ecchymoses or petechiae

A

Purpura

42
Q

Contagious skin disease transmitted by the itch mite, commonly through sexual contact

A

Scabies

43
Q

Fungal skin infection whose name commonly indicates the body part affected; also called ringworm

A

Tinea

44
Q

Allergic reaction of the skin characterized by the eruption of pale red, elevated patches called wheals or hives

A

Urticaria

45
Q

Epidermal growth caused by a virus; also known as warts - plantar warts, juvenile warts, venereal warts

A

Verruca

46
Q

Localized loss of skin pigmentation characterized by milk white patches

A

Vitiligo

47
Q

Chemical removal of the outer layers of skin to treat acne scarring and general keratoses; also called chemabrasion

A

Chemical peel

48
Q

Use of subfreezing temperature (commonly liquid nitrogen) to destroy or eliminate abnormal tissue, such as rumors, warts, and unwanted, cancerous or infected tissue

A

Cryosurgery

49
Q

Removal of necrotized tissue from a wound by surgical excision, enzymes, or chemical agents

A

Debridement

50
Q

Rubbing (abrasion) using wire brushes or sandpaper to mechanically scape away (abrade) the epidermis

A

Dermabrasio

51
Q

Tissue destruction by means of high frequency electric current; also called electrodesiccation

A

Fulguration

52
Q

Procedure in which cells selectively treated with an agent called photosensitizer are exposed to light to produce a reaction that destroys the cells

A

Photodynamic therapy (PDT)

53
Q

Representative tissue sample removed from a body site for microscopic examination

A

Biopsy (Bx bx)

54
Q

Ultrathin slice of tissue from a frozen specimen for immediate pathological examination

A

Frozen section (FS)

55
Q

Removal of a small tissue sample for examination using a hollow needle, usually attached to a syringe

A

Needle

56
Q

Removal of a small core of tissue using a hollow punch

A

Punch

57
Q

Removal of elevated lesions using a surgical blade

A

Shave

58
Q

Layers of cancer containing skin are progressively removed and examined until only cancer free tissue remains

A

Mohs

59
Q

Transplantation of healthy tissue to an injured site

A

Skin graft

60
Q

Transplantation of healthy tissue from one person to another person; also called homograft

A

Allograft

61
Q

Transplantation of healthy tissue from one site to another site in the same individual

A

Autograft

62
Q

Transplantation of artificial skin produced from collagen fibers arranged in a lattice patterns

A

Synthetic

63
Q

Transplantation (dermis only) from a foreign donor (usually a pig) and transferred to a human; also called heterograft

A

Xenograft

64
Q

Any test in which a suspected allergen or sensitizer is applied to or injected into the skin to determine the patient’s sensitivity to it

A

Allergy skin test

65
Q

Skin test that identifies suspected allergens by subcutaneously injecting small amounts of extracts of the suspected allergens and observing the skin for a subsequent reaction

A

Intradermal

66
Q

Skin test that identifies allergic contact dermatitis by applying a suspected allergen to a patch which is then taped on the skin, usually the forearm, and observing the area 24 hours later for an allergic response

A

Patch

67
Q

Skin test that identifies suspected allergens by placing a small quantity of the suspected allergen on a lightly scratched area of the skin, also called puncture or prick test

A

Acratch

68
Q

Laboratory test that grows a colony of bacteria removed from an infected area (such as an ulcer, wound, or pus from an infection) in order to identify the specific infecting bacterium and then determine its sensitivity to antibiotic drugs

A

Culture & sensitivity (C&S)

Medical Terminology (20 decks)

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