Cardiovascular System 2 Flashcards

1
Q

autonomic nervous system

A

Portion of the nervous system that regulates involuntary actions such as heart reate, digestion, and peristalsis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

leaflet

A

Flat, leaf-shaped structure that comprises the valves of the heart and prevents back flow of blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

lumen

A

Tubular space or channel within an organ or structure of the body; space within an artery, vein, intestine or tube

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

regurgitation

A

Backflow or ejecting of contents through an opening

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

sphincter

A

Circular muscle found in tubular structure of hollow organ that constricts or dilates to regulate passage of substances through its opening

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

vasoconstriction

A

Narrowing of the lumen of a blood vessel that limits blood flow, usually as a result of diseases, medications, or physiological processes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

vasodilation

A

Widening of the lumen of a blood vessel caused by the relaxing of the muscles of the vascular walls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

viscosity

A

State of being sticky or gummy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

widened blood vessel

A

aneurysm/o

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

vessel

A

angi/o vascul/o

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

aorta

A

aort/o

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

artery

A

arteri/o

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

arteriole

A

arteriol/o

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

atrium

A

atri/o

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

fatty plaque

A

arther/o

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

heart

A

cardi/o coron/o

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

electricity

A

electr/o

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

embolus

A

embol/o

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

blood vessel

A

hemangi/o

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

muscle

A

my/o

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

vein

A

phleb/o ven/o

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

hardening; sclera

A

scler/o

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

septum

A

sept/o

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

pulse

A

sphygm/o

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
narrowing, stricture
sten/o
26
pulse
sphygm/o
27
blood clot
thromb/o
28
valve
valv/o valvul/o
29
vessel; vas deferens; duct
vas/o
30
ventricle
ventricul/o
31
heart condition
-cardia
32
outside
extra-
33
angina
Mild to severe suffocating pain that typically occurs int he chest and is caused by an inadequate
34
arrhythmia
Irregularity in the rate or rhythm of the heart; dysrhythmia
35
bradycardia
Arrhythmia in which the heart beats abnormally slowly, usually fewer than beats per minutes in resting an adult
36
fibrillation
Arrhythmia in which there is an abnormally rapid, uncoordinated quivering of the myocardium that can affect the atria or the ventricles
37
heart block
Arrhythmia in which there is interference with the normal transmission of electric impulses from the SA node to the Purkinje fibers
38
tachycardia
Arrhythmia in which there is a fast but regular rhythm, with the heart possibly beating up to 200 bpm
39
arteriosclerosis
Hardening and narrowing of an artery along with the loss of its elasticity
40
carotid artery disease
Narrowing of the carotid arteries
41
bruit
Soft blowing sound heard on auscultation, associated valvular action or with the movement of blod as it passes an obstruction or both; murmur
42
cardiomyopathy
Disease or weakening of heart muscle that diminishes cardiac function
43
coarctation
Narrowing of a vessel, especially the aorta
44
embolism
Condition in which a mass become lodged in a blood vessel, obstructing blood flow
45
hyperlipidemia
Excessive amounts of lipids in the blood
46
hypertension (HTN)
Elevated blood pressure persistently higher than 140/90 mm Hg
47
hypotension
Low blood pressure persistently lower that 90/60 mm Hg
48
infarction
Localized tissue necrosis due to the cessation of blood supply
49
ischemia
Local, temporary deficiency of blood supply to an organ or tissue due to circulatory obstruction
50
mitral valve prolapse (MVP)
Structural defect in which the mitral valve leaflets prolapse into the left atrium during ventricular contraction resulting in incomplete closure and backflow of blood
51
palpitation
Sensation of an irregular heartbeat, commonly described as pounding, racing, skipping a beat or flutter
52
phlebitis
Inflammation of a deep or superficial vein of the arms or legs
53
syncope
Partial or complete loss of consciousness that is usually caused by a decreased supply of blood to the brain; fainting
54
thrombosis
Abnormal condition in which a blood clot develops in a vessel and obstructs it at the site of its formation
55
deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
Blood clot that forms in the deep veins of the body, especially thos in the legs or thighs
56
defibrillation
Electrical shock delivered randomly during the cariac cycle to treat emergency life threatening arrhythmias
57
cardioversion
defib using low energy techniques
58
sclerotherapy
Injection of a chemical irritant into a vein to produce inflammation and fibrosis that destroys the lumen of the vein
59
thrombolysis
Destruction of a blood clot using anticlotting agents called clot-busters such as tissue plasminogen activator
60
angioplasty
Any endovascular procedure that reopens narrowed blood vessels and restores foward blood flow
61
percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA)
Angioplasty of the coronary arteries in which a balloon catheter is inserted through the skin into the right femoral artery and threaded to the site of the stenosis to enlarge the lumen of the artery and restore forward blood flow
62
biopsy
Removal of a small piece of tissue of diagnostic purposes
63
arterial
Remove of a segment of an arterial vessel wall to confirm inflammtion of the wall or arteritis
64
catheter ablation
Treatment for cardiac arrhythmias
65
commissurotomy
Surgical separation of the leaflets of the mitral valve
66
coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)
Placement of a vessel graft from another part of the body to bypass the blocked part of a coronary artery and restore blood supply to the heart muscle
67
embolectomy
Removal of embolus
68
endarterectomy
Removal of fatty plaque from the interior of an occluded vessel using a specially designed catheter fitted with a cutting or grinding device
69
automatic implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (AICD) insertion
Implantation of a battery-powered device that monitors and automatically corrects ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation by sending electrical impulses to the heart in patients who are at risk of sudden cardiac death
70
laser ablation
Procedure used to remove or treat varicose viens
71
open heart surgery
Surgical procedure performed on or within the exposed heart, usually with the assistance of a heart-lung machine
72
stent placement
Placement of a mesh tube inserted into a natural passage or conduit in the body to prevent or counteract a disease induced localized flow constriction
73
valvotomy
Incision of a valve to increase the size of the opening
74
cardiac catheterizaiton (CC)
Passage of a catheter into the heart through a vein or artery to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the heart
75
electrophysiology study (EPS)
Procedure used to determine the cause of life-threatening cardiac arrhythias by mapping the heart's conduction system in a patient with an arrhythmia
76
electrocardiography (ECG, EKG)
Procedure that graphically records the spread of electrical excitation to different parts of the heart using small metal electrodes applied to the chest, arms, legs
77
Holter monitor test
ECG taken with a small, portable recording system capable of storing up to 48 hours of ECG tracings; event monitor test
78
stress test
ECG taken under controlled exercise stress conditions
79
cardiac enzyme studies
Blood thest that measures the presence and amount of cardiac enzymes in blood, including troponin T, troponin I, creatine kinase
80
angiography
Radiographic image of the inside of a blood vessel after injection of a contrast medium
81
aortography
Angiography of the aorta and its branches after injection of a contrast medium
82
coronary
Angiography that is used to determine the degree of stenosis or obstruction of the arterie that supply blood to the heart
83
magnetic resonance angiography (MRA)
Type of MRI scan that used a magnetic field and radio waves to provide detailed images of blood vessels
84
multiple-gated acquisition (MUGA) scan
Nuclear procedure that uses radioactive tracers to detect how well the heart walls move as they contract and calculates the ejection fraction rate
85
single-photon emmison computed tomography (SPECT)
MUGA scan of the heart in which the gamma camera move in a circle around the patient to create individual images as "slices" of the heart
86
nuclear perfusion study
Test used in conjunction with a stress test to detect the presence of coronary artery disease (CAD) that is causing partial obstruction of the coronary arteries
87
ultrasonography (US)
High frequency sound waves are directed at soft tissue and relected as "echoes" to produce an image on a monitor of internal body structure
88
Doppler
Ultrasound used to assess blood flow through blood vessels and the heart
89
echocardiography
Ultrasound that is used to visualize internal cardiac structures, produced images of the heart, and assess cardiac output
90
venography
Radiography of a vein after injection of a contrast medium to detect imcomplete filling of a vein, indicating an obstruction