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Med Terms > Integumentary System > Flashcards

Integumentary System Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 main functions of the integumentary system?

A

acts as a two-way protective barrier
regulates temperature
houses nerve receptors
secretes important fluids

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2
Q

What 5 organs are included in the integumentary system?

A

skin
hair
nails
sebaceous glands
sweat glands

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3
Q

What is the primary function of the skin?

A

to protect

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4
Q

What do sensory protectors do?

A

detect pain, temperature, touch, and pressure

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5
Q

What do sweat glands produce?

A

sweat (cools body)

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6
Q

What do sebaceous glands produce?

A

an oil called sebum (keeps skin from becoming too dry)

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7
Q

What is the deepest layer of the epidermis?

A

the basal layer

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8
Q

What is the deepest layer of skin?

A

dermis

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9
Q

Melanocytes

A

produce black pigment melanin that gives skin its color

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10
Q

What 5 structures are found in the dermis layer of skin?

A

hair follicles
sweat and sebaceous glands
blood and lymph vessels
sensory and nerve receptors
muscle fibers

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11
Q

Which layer lies beneath the skin?

A

the subcutaneous layer

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12
Q

What does the subcutaneous layer do?

A

protects deeper tissue of body and acts as insulation against heat and cold

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13
Q

What are the accessory organs?

A

hair, nails, sebaceous glands, and sweat glands

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14
Q

What gland is sweat secreted from when it produces body odor?

A

the apocrine gland

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15
Q

Pathology: Dermatology

A

involves diagnosis and treatment of conditions and diseases of the integumentary system: physician is dermatologist

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16
Q

Pathology: Plastic Surgery

A

surgical specialty involved in repair, reconstruction, or improvement of body structures such as damages, missing, or misshapen skin; physician is plastic surgeon

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17
Q

Signs and Symptoms: Abrasion

A

a scraping-away of skin surface by friction

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18
Q

Signs and Symptoms: Anhidrosis

A

abnormal condition of no sweat

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19
Q

Signs and Symptoms: Bulla

A

large blister; larger than a vessicle

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20
Q

Signs and Symptoms: Comedo

A

collection of hardened sebum in hair follicle; also called a blackhead

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21
Q

Signs and Symptoms: Contusion

A

injury caused by a blow to the body; causes swelling, pain, and bruising; skin is not broken

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22
Q

Signs and Symptoms: Cyst

A

fluid-filled sac under the skin

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23
Q

Signs and Symptoms: Depigmentation

A

loss of normal skin color or pigment

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24
Q

Signs and Symptoms: Diaphoresis

A

profuse sweating

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25
Q

Signs and Symptoms: Ecchymosis

A

skin discoloration caused by blood collecting under the skin following blunt trauma to the skin; a bruise

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26
Q

Signs and Symptoms: Erythema

A

redness or flushing of skin

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27
Q

Signs and Symptoms: Erythroderma

A

condition of having reddened or flushed skin

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28
Q

Signs and Symptoms: Eschar

A

thick layer of dead tissue and tissue fluid that develops over deep burn area

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29
Q

Signs and Symptoms: Fissure

A

crack-like lesion or groove on skin

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30
Q

Signs and Symptoms: Hirsutism

A

excessive hair growth on body

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31
Q

Signs and Symptoms: Hyperemia

A

redness of skin due to increased blood flow

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32
Q

Signs and Symptoms: Hyperhidrosis

A

abnormal condition of excessive sweat

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33
Q

Signs and Symptoms: Hyperpigmentation

A

abnormal amount of pigmentation in skin

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34
Q

Signs and Symptoms: Lesion

A

general term for wound, injury, or abnormality

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35
Q

Signs and Symptoms: Leukoderma

A

having skin that appears white because normal skin pigment is absent; may be all of the skin or just in some areas

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36
Q

Signs and Symptoms: Lipoma

A

fatty mass

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37
Q

Signs and Symptoms: Macule

A

flat, discolored area flush with skin surface; freckle or birthmark

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38
Q

Signs and Symptoms: Necrosis

A

abnormal condition of death

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39
Q

Signs and Symptoms: Nevus

A

pigmented skin blemish, birthmark, or mole; usually benign but may become cancerous

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40
Q

Signs and Symptoms: Nodule

A

firm, solid mass of cells in skin larger than .5 cm in diameter

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41
Q

Signs and Symptoms: Onychomalacia

A

softening of the nails

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42
Q

Signs and Symptoms: Pallor

A

abnormal paleness of skin

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43
Q

Signs and Symptoms: Papule

A

small, solid, circular raised spot on surface of skin less than .5 cm in diameter

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44
Q

Signs and Symptoms: Petechiae

A

pinpoint purple or red spots from minute hemorrhages under skin; singular is petechiae

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45
Q

Signs and Symptoms: Photosensitivity

A

condition in which skin reacts abnormally when exposed to light, such as UV rays from sun

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46
Q

Signs and Symptoms: Pruritus

A

severe itching

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47
Q

Signs and Symptoms: Purpura

A

hemorrhages into skin due to fragile blood vessels that appear dark brown/purplish; commonly seen in older adults

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48
Q

Signs and Symptoms: Purulent

A

containing pus or infection that is producing pus; pus consists of dead bacteria, white blood cells, and tissue debris

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49
Q

Signs and Symptoms: Pustule

A

raised spot on skin containing pus

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50
Q

Signs and Symptoms: Pyoderma

A

presence of pus on or in layers of skin, sign of bacterial infection

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51
Q

Signs and Symptoms: Scleroderma

A

condition in which skin has lost its elasticity and become hardened

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52
Q

Signs and Symptoms: Seborrhea

A

oily discharge

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53
Q

Signs and Symptoms: Suppurative

A

containing or producing pus

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54
Q

Signs and Symptoms: Ulcer

A

open sore or lesion in skin or mucous membrane

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55
Q

Signs and Symptoms: Urticaria

A

skin eruption of pale reddish wheals with severe itching; usually associated with food allergy, stress, or drug reactions (hives)

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56
Q

Signs and Symptoms: Vesicle

A

blister; small, fluid-filled raised spot on skin

57
Q

Signs and Symptoms: Wheal

A

small, round, swollen area on skin; typically seen in allergic skin reactions such as hives and usually accompanied by urticaria

58
Q

Signs and Symptoms: Xeroderma

A

condition in which skin is abnormally dry

59
Q

Skin: Abscess

A

collection of pus in skin

60
Q

Skin: Acne

A

inflammatory disease of sebaceous glands and hair follicles resulting in papules and pustules

61
Q

Skin: Acne Rosacea

A

chronic form of acne seen in adults involving redness, tiny pimples, and broken blood vessels, primarily on nose and cheeks

62
Q

Skin: Acne Vulgaris

A

common form of acne seen in teenagers; characterized by comedos, papules, and pustules

63
Q

Skin: Albinism

A

genetic condition in which body is unable to make melanin; characterized by white hair and skin and red pupils due to lack of pigment; person is called an albino

64
Q

Skin: Basal Cell Carcinoma

A

cancerous tumor of basal cell layer of epidermis; frequent type of skin cancer that rarely metastasizes or spreads; these can arise on sun-exposed skin

65
Q

Skin: Burn

A

damage to skin that can result from open fire, electricity, UV light, or chemicals (first, second and third degree)

66
Q

Cellulitis

A

diffuse, active infection and inflammation of connective tissue found in skin

67
Q

Cicatrix

A

a scar

68
Q

Decubitus Ulcer

A

open sore caused by pressure over bony prominences cutting off blood flow to overlying skin; appear in bedridden patients (bedsore)

69
Q

Dermatitis

A

inflammation of skin

70
Q

Dermatosis

A

indicating presence of abnormal skin condition

71
Q

Dry Gangrene

A

affected area becoming dried, blackened, and shriveled (mummified)

72
Q

Eczema

A

superficial dermatitis of unknown cause accompanied by redness, vesicles, itching, and crusting

73
Q

Gangrene

A

tissue necrosis usually due to deficient blood supply

74
Q

Ichthyosis

A

condition in which skin becomes dry, scaly, and keratinized

75
Q

Impetigo

A

infectious bacterial infection of skin with pustules that rupture and become crusted over

76
Q

Kaposi’s Sarcoma

A

skin cancer frequently seen in AIDS patients; consists of brownish-purple papules that spread from skin and metastasize to internal organs

77
Q

Keloid

A

formation of raised and thickened hypertrophic scar after injury or surgery

78
Q

Keratosis

A

any skin condition involving overgrowth and thickening of epidermis layer

79
Q

Laceration

A

torn or jagged wound; incorrectly used to describe a cut

80
Q

Malignant Melanoma

A

dangerous form of skin cancer caused by uncontrolled growth of melanocytes; may quickly metastasize or spread to internal organs

81
Q

Pediculosis

A

infestation with lice; nits cling to hair

82
Q

Psoriasis

A

chronic inflammatory condition consisting of papules forming “silvery scale” patches with circular borders

83
Q

Rubella

A

contagious viral skin infection (germal measals)

84
Q

Scabies

A

contagious skin disease caused by egg laying mite that burrows through skin and causes redness and intense itching; often seen in children

85
Q

Sebaceous Cyst

A

sac under skin filled with sebum or oil from sebaceous gland; can grow to large size and may be excised

86
Q

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

A

cancer of epidermis layer of skin that may invade deeper tissue and metastasize; often begins as sore that does not heal

87
Q

Strawberry Hemangioma

A

congenital collection of dilated blood vessels causing red birthmark that fades a few months after birth

88
Q

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

A

chronic disease of connective tissue that injures skin, joints, kidneys, nervous system and mucous membranes, body’s own immune system attacks body tissue

89
Q

Tinea

A

fungal skin disease resulting in itching, scaling, lesions

90
Q

Tinea Capitis

A

fungal infection of scalp; commonly called ringworm

91
Q

Tinea Pedis

A

fungal infection of foot; called athlete’s foot

92
Q

Varicella

A

contagious viral skin infection; chickenpox

93
Q

Verruca

A

warts; benign growth caused by virus; has rough surface removed by chemicals or laser therapy

94
Q

Vitiligo

A

disappearance of pigment from skin in patches; leukoderma

95
Q

Wet Gangrene

A

area of gangrene that becomes secondarily infected by pus-producing bacteria

96
Q

Alopecia

A

absence or loss of hair; baldness

97
Q

Carbuncle

A

furuncle involving several hair follicles

98
Q

Furuncle

A

bacterial infection of hair follicle; redness, pain, and swelling; boil

99
Q

Trichomyosis

A

abnormal condition of hair fungus

100
Q

Onychia

A

infected nail bed

101
Q

Onychomycosis

A

abnormal condition of nail fungus

102
Q

Onychoplagia

A

nail biting (eating)

103
Q

Paronychia

A

infection of skin fold around nail

104
Q

Diagnostic Procedure: Culture and Sensitivity (C&S)

A

Clinical Laboratory Test
grows a colony of bacteria removed from infected area to identify specific infecting bacteria and then determine in sensitivity

105
Q

Biopsy Procedure: Biopsy

A

piece of tissue removed by syringe and needle, knife, to examine under a microscope; used to help diagnosis

106
Q

Excisional Biopsy

A

entire suspicious area of tissue removed for examination

107
Q

Exfoliative Cytology

A

scraping cells from tissue and examining them under microscope

108
Q

Frozen Section

A

thin piece of tissue cut from frozen specimen for rapid examination under microscope

109
Q

Fungal Scrapings

A

scrapings of tissue from lesion are placed on growth medium and examined under microscope to identify fungal growth

110
Q

Punch Biopsy

A

small cylinder of tissue removed from tool like a hole punch

111
Q

Shave Biospy

A

using scalpel or razor to remove epidermis or dermis tissue elevated above surface of skin

112
Q

Therapeutic Procedures: Skin Grafting

A

skin graft from one person to another (homograft)

113
Q

Autograft

A

skin graft from person’s own body

114
Q

Dermatome

A

instrument for cutting skin or thin transplants

115
Q

Dermatoplasty

A

skin grafting; transplantation of skin

116
Q

Skin Graft

A

transfer of skin to cover another site; used for burn victims (dermatoplasty)

117
Q

Xenograft

A

skin graft from animal of another species (heterograft)

118
Q

Cauterization

A

destruction of tissue by using caustic chemicals, electric currents, or by heating or freezing

119
Q

Cryosurgery

A

use of extreme cold to freeze and destroy tissue

120
Q

Curettage

A

removal of superficial skin lesions with curette or scraper

121
Q

Debridement

A

removal of foreign material and dead or damaged tissue from a wound

122
Q

Electrocautery

A

to destroy tissue with electric current

123
Q

Incision and Drainage

A

making incision to create opening for drainage or pus

124
Q

Onychectomy

A

removal of nail

125
Q

Chemabrasion

A

abrasion using chemicals; chemical peel

126
Q

Dermabrasion

A

abrasion or rubbing using wire brushes or sandpaper, removes acne scars, tattoos, scar tissue

127
Q

Laser therapy

A

removal of skin lesions and birthmarks using laser means that emits intense heat and power at close range

128
Q

Liposuction

A

removal of fat by suction

129
Q

Rhytidectomy

A

surgical removal of excess skin to eliminate wrinkles’ face-lift

130
Q

Broad Spectrum

A

ability of drug to be effective against wide range of microorganisms

131
Q

Unit Dose

A

drug dosage system that provides prepackaged, prelabeled. individual medication that are ready for immediate use

132
Q

Anesthetic

A

deadens pain when applied to skin (novacain)

133
Q

Antibiotic

A

kills bacteria causing skin infections (ointment)

134
Q

Antifungal

A

kills fungi infecting skin (lotrimin)

135
Q

Antiparasitic

A

kills mites or lice (lindane)

136
Q

Antipruritic

A

reduces severe itching (Caladryl)

137
Q

Antiseptic

A

kills bacteria in skin cuts and wounds or at surgical sites (peroxide)

138
Q

Corticosteroid Cream

A

anti-inflammatory properties (kenalog)

Med Terms (18 decks)

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