Integument system Flashcards
What is the largest organ in the body?
Integument system
the integument system ranges in thickness, what is the smallest? biggest?
eyelid (0.5mm) to palms/soles of feet (5mm)
is the dermis vascular? is the epidermis?
YES, NO.
in hypodermis, what is there alot of?
adipose tissue
Where is thick skin found? how many layers? are hair follicles or sebaceous glands present? thick or thin stratum corneam?
palms and soles, 5 layers, no. thick.
Thin skin located where? thin or thick stratum corneum? how many layers?
everywhere else. thin. 4.
What are the five layers of thick skin? how does this differ from thin skin?
- Stratum corneum (most apical)
- Stratum Lucidum
- Stratum granulosm
- stratum spinosum
- stratum basal (most basal)
Stratum lucium only present in thick skin. the most thick layer in thin skin= spinosum.
How many layers thick is the stratum basal in both thin and thick skin?
ONE
Which layer do the cells being growing? Where are they sloughed off? Are cells in the stratum basal layer nucleated? what protein is present?
Cells start growing in stratum basal, sloughed off at stratum corneum.
anucleated, dead cells.
Keratin is present.
Stratum granulosm normally how many layers thick? what are major characteristics for identification?
Three
nuclei and granules.
Stratum lucidum is a flat layer of what kind of cells? what protein is present? what is unique about this layer?
translucent.
Eliedin.
only present in thick skin!
Stratum granulosm how many cell layers thick? what is contained in their granules? which is the last maturation stage of? initiates process of?
2-4
keratohyaline, last maturation stage of keratin (initiates process of keratinization)
protrusions into the stratum spinosum are called?
papillae
What kind of cells are present in the stratum spinosum? What stage of keratin maturation is here? what are the cells linked by in this layer?
polyhedral cells with spines. “prickle cells”
Cytokeratin forms “tonofibrils”->(keratin containing intermediate filaments)
Desmosomes
What kind of cells are present in the stratum basale? what connects cells to the BM? what connects them to each other?
cuboid or columnar keratinocytes
hemidesmosomes connects them to BM
desmosomes connects them to each other
Keratin matures in which layer? What is the process of maturation involving the stratum basale, spinosum and granulosm layers?
Stratum corneum intermediate filaments (tonofilaments)->bundles of tonofilaments->granules combining with bundles to make keratin.
Keratin acts as a barrier to what?
Water, prevents dehydration.
What are three other cell types besides keratinocytes? where are they each found?
- Melanocytes: in basal layer
- Langerham cells: all layers
- Merkel cells: touch receptors in basal layer
Extensions from one melanocyte can touch how many keratinocytes?
36
Langerham cells do what as their function?
move around epidermins, act as first line of defence for the skin.