Integrating and co-ordinating roles of the Nervous system - L17

Question 1

What do the spinal nerves transmit?

Answer 1

Carries both Afferent and Efferent info, voluntary and involuntary signals

Question 2

What is somatic info?

Answer 2

Stuff that we have control over and are aware of

Question 3

What kind of info is voluntary muscle control?

Answer 3

Somatic efferent (motor)

Question 4

What kind of info is sensory info that we are aware of?

Answer 4

Somatic afferent (sensory)

Question 5

What is autonomic info?

Answer 5

Things that we have no control or awareness of

Question 6

What kind of info is involuntary muscle contraction?

Answer 6

Autonomic efferent eg heartbeat

Question 7

What kind of info is sensory info that we are unaware of?

Answer 7

Autonomic afferent eg Blood pressure to accomodate to different situation
*increase heart rate when running

Question 8

If we want to move a muscle, where is the neuron found?

Answer 8

In the spinal cord

Question 9

Somatic efferent division

Answer 9

*Upper motor neuron - Cell body in brain and axon in spinal cord
*Synapse in spinal cord
*Lower motor neuron - cell body in spinal cord and axons in spinal nerves, branches into the periphery

Question 10

Myelin in somatic efferent

Answer 10

Both upper and lower motor neurons have myelinated axons

Question 11

Neurotrans in somatic efferent

Answer 11

Acetylcholine (ACh)

Question 12

Synapse at the effector in the periphery

Answer 12

NMJ uses ACh

Question 13

Two types of autonomic efferent

Answer 13

Sympathetic and parasympathetic

Question 14

Effectors of autonomic efferent

Answer 14

*Smooth muscle
*Cardiac muscle
*glands
*Adipose tissue

Question 15

Neuron pathways in the autonomic efferent?

Answer 15

*N1 - cell body in brain and axon in brain or spinal cord
*N2 - cell body in brain or spinal cord and axon in the perphery
*N3 - cell body and axon in the PNS. Cell body in the ganglion (cell body collection in the PNS)

Question 16

What is an autonomic ganglion?

Answer 16

Where cell bodies associated with the autonomic nervous system are found

Question 17

Which neuron is found in the Autonomic ganglion (PNS)

Answer 17

Neuron 3

Question 18

Where is the synapse of N2 (presynaptic neuron)

Answer 18

Preganglionic neuron has its synapse in the autonomic ganglion

Question 19

Is the axon of N3 (postganglionic cell) myelinated or unmyelinated? [autonomic efferent]

Answer 19

Unmyelinated

Question 20

Presynaptic =

Answer 20

preganglionic

Question 21

neurotrans in autonomic ganglion synapse

Answer 21

ACh

Question 22

neurotrans in postganglionic synapse at the effector

Answer 22

ACh or NE

Question 23

What is NE also called

Answer 23

Nor adrenaline

Question 24

What neurotrans is used in parasym?

Answer 24

ACh

Question 25

What is the sympathetic nervous system?

Answer 25

*Preps body for acute/stress response
*Flight or fight
*Uses NE

Question 26

Effects of sympathetic nervous system

Answer 26

*Increases heart rate
*Contricts blood vessels to skin and digestive tracts to put those on hold so that blood is prioritized to muscles that will help in flight/fight
*Pupil size increases
*increases sweating

Question 27

What is the parasym?

Answer 27

*rest and relax
*Gastric motility goes up
*Salivation sometimes goes up
*Decreased heart rate
*Uses ACh

Question 28

Sympathetic ANS pathway

Answer 28

*short myelinated axon of N2 which is close to CNS
*Sympathetic ANS ganglion close to CNS (thoracolumbar level i.e T1-T12 and L1 -L2)
*Cell body of N3 in synaptic ANS Long unmeylinated axon for postganglionic N3

Question 29

Parasympathetic ANS pathway

Answer 29

*long myelinated axon of N2 which is further in the body
*Sympathetic ANS ganglion away to CNS
*Long unmeylinated axon for postganglionic N3 that is close to organs

Question 30

What are sympathetic chain ganglia?

Answer 30

*sympathetic ganglion
*21-23 pairs depending on how tall you are
*Place where pregan N2 synapses with postgan N3