Insecta

Question 1

Exoskeleton composed of a complex array of plates called ________ (now lighter weight b/c of ________ instead of calcium) that are connected by flexible _______ material.

Answer 1

Scelerites, proteins, hinge

Question 2

________ - head, thorax & abdomen.

Answer 2

Tagmata

Question 3

Plates in three positions…

Answer 3

Dorsal, ventral, lateral

Question 4

Head with _________ eyes (sometimes _____ eyes too).

Answer 4

Large compound, simple

Question 5

___________ - tactile, olfactory, auditory, ________ - vary by mode of feeding, _________ - tongue like structure, modified for ___________.

Answer 5

Antennae, mouthparts, hypopharynx, various feeding strategies

Question 6

_________ (crushing), ______ (upper lip), ________ (hold, handle food), ________ (lower lip).

Answer 6

Mandible, labrum, maxillae, labium

Question 7

Thorax composed of 3 regions each with a pair of appendages…

Answer 7

Prothorax, mesothorax & metathorax

Question 8

Legs modified for…

Answer 8

Walking, jumping, digging & swimming

Question 9

Muscles arranged _________ - _______ & _______.

Answer 9

Antagonistically, flexors, extensors

Question 10

Wings form as extensions of _________ w/ a _________ & thicker “______” that create specific patterns.

Answer 10

The cuticle, double membrane, veins

Question 11

__________ muscles pull on thorax; ________ muscles pull on wings.

Answer 11

Indirect flight, direct flight

Question 12

_________: modified second wing that vibrate & stabilize flight.

Answer 12

Halteres

Question 13

Circulation: _________ heart pushes blood forward into _________; fluid is ___________ w/ some cells but only rarely w/ hemoglobin.

Answer 13

Tubular dorsal, blood sinuses, hemolymph

Question 14

_______: opening through cuticle which can be closed to slow/manage water loss.

Answer 14

Spiracle

Question 15

________ form a system of tubules which carry _______ into body for exchange w/ tissues.

Answer 15

Tracheae, gases

Question 16

Malpighian tubules lie along the __________ in abdomen.

Answer 16

Mid/hind gut

Question 17

Filter blood in the ________, ________ from protein metabolism is excreted as ________.

Answer 17

Hemocoel, nitrogen, uric acid

Question 18

Wastes enter gut where water is either ________ or _________ to maintain water content of _________.

Answer 18

Excreted, reabsorbed, hemolymph

Question 18

Wastes enter gut where water is either ________ or _________ to maintain water content of _________.

Answer 18

Excreted, reabsorbed, hemolymph

Question 19

Wastes enter gut where water is either ________ or _________ to maintain water content of _________.

Answer 19

Excreted, reabsorbed, hemolymph

Question 20

Mouth w/ _________ produce enzymes.

Answer 20

Salivary glands

Question 21

Foregut includes _____ (storage) & _______ (grinding).

Answer 21

Crop, gizzard

Question 22

Midgut: ________ (chemical digestion) & _________ (absorption of nutrients).

Answer 22

Stomach, gastric ceca

Question 23

_________: reabsorbs water & digests cellulose (in termite).

Answer 23

Hindgut

Question 24

________ is for female grasshoppers only, grasshoppers are…

Answer 24

Ovipositor, dimorphic

Question 25

________ ganglia, meets below the ________ & joins to create an increasingly fused ________.

Answer 25

Dorsal, esophagus, ventral nerve cord

Question 26

Compound eyes (________) for motion detection; simple eyes (______) for light detection.

Answer 26

Ommatidia, occeli

Question 27

_______ for tactile & vibration, _________ - membrane for hearing (_________).

Answer 27

Sensilla, tympanum, external eardrum

Question 28

_________ (taste/smell) via receptors in pits near antennae & mouth parts.

Answer 28

Chemoreception

Question 29

Regulation of body functions by _________ (_________) & an autonomic nervous system (_______).

Answer 29

Neurosecretory cells, endocrine hormones, involuntary functions

Question 30

Complete metamorphosis separates growth (_______); differentiation (______); reproduction (________).

Answer 30

Larvae, pupae, adult

Question 31

Incomplete Metamorphosis increases size, add segments or appendages thru successive molts (________).

Answer 31

Nymphs

Question 32

__________ occurs as juveniles hatch virtually identical to adults.

Answer 32

Direct development

Question 33

________ or hibernation is coordinated with the availability of food or an appropriate temperature; usually occurs at the end of a period of growth so the waking insect is ready to ________.

Answer 33

Diapause, molt.

Question 34

Coloration: _______ (bright; indicating poison) or _______ (to take advantage of another’s’ coloration) or _______ (camouflage).

Answer 34

Warning, Mimicry, Cryptic

Question 35

__________ - spray noxious chemicals or inject venoms.

Answer 35

Chemical

Question 36

Bees dance to direct others to food, ants groom, Pheromones - chemicals released by individuals

Answer 36

Communication