Echinoderms Flashcards
Deuterostomate means…
The first blastula opening becomes the anus
Echindoderms are _________ as young adults.
Sessile
The endoskeleton is composed of ______________ called _______________.
Calcareous plates, ossicles
The plates within the endoskeleton are held in place by ______________.
Collagen ligaments
Larvae shows ____________ symmetry, but adults show ___________ symmetry.
Bilateral, pentaradial
The primitive features of echinoderms are…
No brain, no cephalization, few specialized organs, and blood vascular systems reduced or absent
Echinoderms are covered by…
A pigmented epidermis
Echinoderms have _________ on their skin that are extensions of the _________.
Spines, cuticle
The spines on echinoderms are surrounded by ___________ that help to _____________ and _____________ the endoderm.
Pedicellaria, food capture, cleaning
Papulae form by extensions of the _________ and allows for the ________________ out of the body
Coelom, diffusion of gases and wastes
The section of the nervous system that surrounds the oral side of the echinoderm and radiates out into its arms is…
The nerve ring
__________ are embedded in the epidermis and on sensory tentacles.
Tactile receptors
Echinoderms have a _________ embedded at the end of each arm.
Simple eye
The mouth can also be called ___________ and sometimes has ____________.
Aristotle’s lantern, chewing parts
The cardiac stomach has a special feature where it can be ____________ to allow for ____________ of larger prey.
Everted, external digestion
The pyloric stomach connects to the ________, which carry _________ to each arm.
Cecas, nutrients
The circulatory system of echinoderms is very…
Basic
The coelom is filled with…
Fluid and unspecialized cells
The circulatory system surrounds the __________ and extends into the __________.
Stomach, arms
(General) The water vascular system provides…
Locomotion
(General) The order in which the water vascular system operates is…
Madreporite, stone canal, ring canal, radial canal, ampulla, tube feet
(General) Ampulla ___________ into tube feet.
Forces water
Papulae excretes ______________ and exchanges ____________.
Nitrogenous waste, gases
Sexes are mostly…
Dioecious
Gonads are…
Radial
Eggs and sperm are spread…
Externally
Reproduction is regulated by…
Secretion of neurosecretory cells
The ability to cast off an injured body part is called…
Autotomy
Regeneration allows arms to grow back, but it requires some part of the ___________ to remain.
Central disc
Class Asteroidea is…
Sea stars
(Class Asteroidea) The underside is called the…
Oral side
(Class Asteroidea) The topside is called the…
Aboral
(Class Asteroidea) The ________________ runs down the center of the radial arms of the oral side.
Ambulacral groove
(Class Asteroidea) The ambulacral groove opens up when the ____________ are extended.
Tube feet
(Class Asteroidea) Usually five radial arms but may be…
More
Class Ophiuroidea are…
Brittle stars
(Class Ophiuroidea) They retain…
Pentaradial symmetry
(Class Ophiuroidea) Arms ___________ set off fro oral disc.
Sharply
(Class Ophiuroidea) No…
Pedicellaria or papullae
(Class Ophiuroidea) Ambulacral grooves are closed and covered with…
Ossicles
(Class Ophiuroidea) Tube feet have no ________ and __________.
Suckers, limited use
(Class Ophiuroidea) Arms consist of…
Jointed ossicles
(Class Ophiuroidea) Stomach without…
Anus
Class Echinoidea is…
Sea urchins and sand dollars
(Class Echinoidea) Lack…
Arms
(Class Echinoidea) Some have a soft…
Test
(Class Echinoidea) Test is composed of pairs of _________ sutured together with rows of ___________.
Plates, spines
(Class Echinoidea) Spines have…
Ball and socket joints
(Class Echinoidea) Ambulacaral grooves are…
Closed
(Class Echinoidea) Tube feet extend through the…
Test
Class Holothuroidea are…
Sea Cucumbers
(Class Holothuroidea) _____________ in the oral-aboral axis.
Elongated
(Class Holothuroidea) Ossicles…
Reduced
(Class Holothuroidea) Not all have…
Tube feet
(Class Holothuroidea) Large __________ provides ___________.
Coelomic cavity, hydrostatic support
(Class Holothuroidea) Main defensive maneuver is…
Expulsion of viscera
(Class Holothuroidea) Possess special tubules with…
Adhesives and toxins
Class Crinoidea are…
Sea lilies and feather stars
(Class Crinoidea) ________ during some stages of the life cycle.
Sessile
Echinoderms are the first…
Entercoelous deuterostomates
(Class Crinoidea) Feed by…
Filter feeding
(Class Crinoidea) Both mouth and anus on…
Oral side
(Class Crinoidea) Water vascular system lacks __________ and runs entirely on ______________.
Madreporite, coelomic fluid
