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Zoology > Echinoderms > Flashcards

Echinoderms Flashcards

1
Q

Deuterostomate means…

A

The first blastula opening becomes the anus

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2
Q

Echindoderms are _________ as young adults.

A

Sessile

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3
Q

The endoskeleton is composed of ______________ called _______________.

A

Calcareous plates, ossicles

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4
Q

The plates within the endoskeleton are held in place by ______________.

A

Collagen ligaments

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5
Q

Larvae shows ____________ symmetry, but adults show ___________ symmetry.

A

Bilateral, pentaradial

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6
Q

The primitive features of echinoderms are…

A

No brain, no cephalization, few specialized organs, and blood vascular systems reduced or absent

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7
Q

Echinoderms are covered by…

A

A pigmented epidermis

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8
Q

Echinoderms have _________ on their skin that are extensions of the _________.

A

Spines, cuticle

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9
Q

The spines on echinoderms are surrounded by ___________ that help to _____________ and _____________ the endoderm.

A

Pedicellaria, food capture, cleaning

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10
Q

Papulae form by extensions of the _________ and allows for the ________________ out of the body

A

Coelom, diffusion of gases and wastes

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11
Q

The section of the nervous system that surrounds the oral side of the echinoderm and radiates out into its arms is…

A

The nerve ring

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12
Q

__________ are embedded in the epidermis and on sensory tentacles.

A

Tactile receptors

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13
Q

Echinoderms have a _________ embedded at the end of each arm.

A

Simple eye

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14
Q

The mouth can also be called ___________ and sometimes has ____________.

A

Aristotle’s lantern, chewing parts

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15
Q

The cardiac stomach has a special feature where it can be ____________ to allow for ____________ of larger prey.

A

Everted, external digestion

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16
Q

The pyloric stomach connects to the ________, which carry _________ to each arm.

A

Cecas, nutrients

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17
Q

The circulatory system of echinoderms is very…

A

Basic

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18
Q

The coelom is filled with…

A

Fluid and unspecialized cells

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19
Q

The circulatory system surrounds the __________ and extends into the __________.

A

Stomach, arms

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20
Q

(General) The water vascular system provides…

A

Locomotion

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21
Q

(General) The order in which the water vascular system operates is…

A

Madreporite, stone canal, ring canal, radial canal, ampulla, tube feet

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22
Q

(General) Ampulla ___________ into tube feet.

A

Forces water

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23
Q

Papulae excretes ______________ and exchanges ____________.

A

Nitrogenous waste, gases

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24
Q

Sexes are mostly…

A

Dioecious

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25
Q

Gonads are…

A

Radial

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26
Q

Eggs and sperm are spread…

A

Externally

27
Q

Reproduction is regulated by…

A

Secretion of neurosecretory cells

28
Q

The ability to cast off an injured body part is called…

A

Autotomy

29
Q

Regeneration allows arms to grow back, but it requires some part of the ___________ to remain.

A

Central disc

30
Q

Class Asteroidea is…

A

Sea stars

31
Q

(Class Asteroidea) The underside is called the…

A

Oral side

32
Q

(Class Asteroidea) The topside is called the…

A

Aboral

33
Q

(Class Asteroidea) The ________________ runs down the center of the radial arms of the oral side.

A

Ambulacral groove

34
Q

(Class Asteroidea) The ambulacral groove opens up when the ____________ are extended.

A

Tube feet

35
Q

(Class Asteroidea) Usually five radial arms but may be…

A

More

36
Q

Class Ophiuroidea are…

A

Brittle stars

37
Q

(Class Ophiuroidea) They retain…

A

Pentaradial symmetry

38
Q

(Class Ophiuroidea) Arms ___________ set off fro oral disc.

A

Sharply

39
Q

(Class Ophiuroidea) No…

A

Pedicellaria or papullae

40
Q

(Class Ophiuroidea) Ambulacral grooves are closed and covered with…

A

Ossicles

41
Q

(Class Ophiuroidea) Tube feet have no ________ and __________.

A

Suckers, limited use

42
Q

(Class Ophiuroidea) Arms consist of…

A

Jointed ossicles

43
Q

(Class Ophiuroidea) Stomach without…

A

Anus

44
Q

Class Echinoidea is…

A

Sea urchins and sand dollars

45
Q

(Class Echinoidea) Lack…

A

Arms

46
Q

(Class Echinoidea) Some have a soft…

A

Test

47
Q

(Class Echinoidea) Test is composed of pairs of _________ sutured together with rows of ___________.

A

Plates, spines

48
Q

(Class Echinoidea) Spines have…

A

Ball and socket joints

49
Q

(Class Echinoidea) Ambulacaral grooves are…

A

Closed

50
Q

(Class Echinoidea) Tube feet extend through the…

A

Test

51
Q

Class Holothuroidea are…

A

Sea Cucumbers

52
Q

(Class Holothuroidea) _____________ in the oral-aboral axis.

A

Elongated

53
Q

(Class Holothuroidea) Ossicles…

A

Reduced

54
Q

(Class Holothuroidea) Not all have…

A

Tube feet

55
Q

(Class Holothuroidea) Large __________ provides ___________.

A

Coelomic cavity, hydrostatic support

56
Q

(Class Holothuroidea) Main defensive maneuver is…

A

Expulsion of viscera

57
Q

(Class Holothuroidea) Possess special tubules with…

A

Adhesives and toxins

58
Q

Class Crinoidea are…

A

Sea lilies and feather stars

59
Q

(Class Crinoidea) ________ during some stages of the life cycle.

A

Sessile

60
Q

Echinoderms are the first…

A

Entercoelous deuterostomates

61
Q

(Class Crinoidea) Feed by…

A

Filter feeding

62
Q

(Class Crinoidea) Both mouth and anus on…

A

Oral side

63
Q

(Class Crinoidea) Water vascular system lacks __________ and runs entirely on ______________.

A

Madreporite, coelomic fluid

Zoology (16 decks)

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