Insect Communication

Question 1

Types of communication

Answer 1

Visual using light, auditory using vibrations, olfactory using chemicals

Question 2

Visual stimuli

Answer 2

Iridescence by different materials with different reflective indices

Bioluminescence produced by oxidation of luciferin

patterns: aposematic marking, mullerian, and batesian mimicry

Physical like the waggle dance

Question 3

Reception of visual stimuli

Answer 3

By compound eyes which are composed of many smaller ommatidia like apposition or superposition or by simple eyes like oceli

Question 4

Apposition

Answer 4

Ommatidium don’t overlap and each one provides an independent inverted image, this gives a limited field of vision of high resolution

Question 5

Superposition

Answer 5

Ommatidium overlap and gives a wide field of vision with high resolution

Question 6

Oceli

Answer 6

Single lens photoreceptors that can’t form complex images found between the eyes

Question 7

Auditory stimuli

Answer 7

Uses percussion, or stridulation or tymbal or wings

Question 8

Percussion

Answer 8

Strike an object by unmodified body parts or striking 2 body parts

Question 9

Stridulation

Answer 9

Rubbing a cuticular ridge scraper over a toothed ridge file

Question 10

Tymbal

Answer 10

Muscle connection contract to pull it and then release it to create a drum sound, this can be amplified by respiratory system so it is the loudest sound

Question 11

Using wings

Answer 11

Uses different wing beat frequencies and thoracic movement

Question 12

Reception of sound

Answer 12

Uses tympanal organ which is composed of drum skin with sensitive nerves

Question 13

Olfactory stimuli

Answer 13

Production of semiochemicals excreted by secretary glands

Question 14

Reception of smell

Answer 14

Reception is found in antenna and feet and requires the bonding of odor-binding proteins