Inorganic chemistry and the periodic table;MP

Question 1

how are the elements ordered in the periodic table?

Answer 1

by proton/atomic number

Question 2

what does it mean when elements are in the same period?

Answer 2

they have the same number of shells

Question 3

for a substance to melt what has to happen ?

Answer 3

intermolecular forces have to be overcome between its atoms

Question 4

what does it mean when elements are in the same group and give an example

Answer 4

they have similar CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL properties eg1. group 1 have increasing reactivity when reacting with water down the group
eg2. Group 7 reactivity decreases going down the group

Question 5

describe the trend for Na, Mg, Al (first 3 elements/metals) in period 3

Answer 5

mp increases –>increasing posititve charge–>increasing number of delocalised electrons–> smaller ionic radius –>stronger metallic bond–>high charge density.

Question 6

why do the first 3 elements in period 3 have increasing smaller ionic radius?

Answer 6

nuclear charge and electrostaic forces increases–>due to protons–>pulls the electrons closer to nucleus (like squishing)

Question 7

what factors are linked to changes in trend?

Answer 7

structure+bond strength

Question 8

what kind of structure is silicon +describe the trend

Answer 8

Giant covalent
-has the highest mp is period 3–>requires alot of energy to overcome frces OF STRONG COVALENT BONDS

Question 9

what melting point do the simple molecular structures have a high or low in comparison to the metals and giant covalent?

Answer 9

low

Question 10

what is the formula for phosphurus and describe the trend.

Answer 10

P4
-melting point is quite low due to smaller structure
-smaller structure has weaker intermolecular forces

Question 11

what is the formula of sulfur+describe the trend

Answer 11

S8
-melting point is higher than p4 –> larger simple moleculer structure–>stronger intermolecular forces

Question 12

what is the formula for chlorine and describe the trend

Answer 12

Cl2
-chlorine has a lower mp than p4 + s8 molecular structure–>smaller molecule–>weaker intermolecular forces

Question 13

what is the formula for argon and desribe the trend

Answer 13

-Ar
has the lowest mp in period 3–> exists as indiviudual atoms–>smaller/weaker intermolecular forces