Bonding and structure; Ionic Bonds

Question 1

what are compounds?

Answer 1

atoms of different elements chemically bonded together

Question 2

what is ionic bonding?

Answer 2

-transfer of electrons
-METAL AND NON METAL
-electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositeley charged ions

Question 3

what are ions formed from + give 2 examples+ a half equation

Answer 3

formed from atoms that loose or gain electrons electrons

eg. Mg atom looses two electrons to become Mg2+ ion

Mg–> Mg2+ + 2e-

Cl + e- –> Cl-

Question 4

how can u determine number of electrons on outer shell on the periodic table+ provide an example?

Answer 4

look at group number –> eg.magnesium group 2 –> charge would be 2+ when 2 electons are lost

Question 5

how would you determine the charge on a non metal ion?

Answer 5

group number-8

Question 6

what is the molecular formula of the ion hydroxide?

Answer 6

OH-

Question 7

what is the molecular formula for the ion nitrate?

Answer 7

NO3-

Question 8

what is the molecular formula for the ion ammonium?

Answer 8

NH4+

Question 9

what is the molecular formula for the sulfate ion?

Answer 9

SO4,2-

Question 10

what is the molecular formula for the carbonate ion?

Answer 10

CO3,2-

Question 11

how do you find the formula of an ionic compound?

Answer 11

use swap and drop method

Question 12

what is an example of a giant ionic compound?

Answer 12

sodium chloride

Question 13

what is the overall charge in an ionic compound + exaplain?

Answer 13

overall charge is 0–> the metal and non metal ions cancel each other out

Question 14

describe the shape + structure of giant ionic lattices

Answer 14

-cubic shape
-regular structure
-giant repeating pattern

Question 15

how do ions in ionic lattices arrange themslves?

Answer 15

in a structure where they can maximise attractions and minimise repulsions.

Question 16

what do different ionic structures have?

Answer 16

different shapes

Question 17

do ionic compounds dissolve in water + why?

Answer 17

yes most–> water molecules are polar –> water molecules attract the postive and negative ions->break up the structure

Question 18

do ionic compounds conduct electricity + why?

Answer 18

yes when molten or dissolved in soloution –>ions are free to move around

Question 19

do ionic compounds have high or low melting points + why?

Answer 19

high mp–>many strong electrostatic forces between oppositely charged ions–>need alot of energy to overcome these forces

Question 20

why is sodium chloride called ‘giant’ ?

Answer 20

because its the same repeating unit over and over again