Inorganic - 2.2 Group 2

Question 1

What is a barium meal?

Answer 1

Barium sulfate is used in barium meals. Barium sulphate is opaque to x-rays so barium meals can help to solve problems in the stomach or intestine.

Question 2

What are flue gases?

Answer 2

The gases emitted from chimneys and industrial exhausts

Question 3

Define solubility

Answer 3

The ability for a given substance to dissolve in a solvent. Solubility of the group 2 hydroxide increases down the group and solubility of the group 2 sulphate decreases down the group.

Question 4

Define sparingly soluble

Answer 4

Compounds which have very low solubilities are described as sparingly soluble. Magnesium hydroxide is sparingly soluble.

Question 5

What is the test for sulfates?

Answer 5

Add acidified barium chloride to a solution containing sulfate ions. A white precipitate of barium sulfate is formed.

Question 6

Define wet scrubbing

Answer 6

The process used to remove acidic sulfur dioxide from flue gases by reacting the gases with an alkali.

Question 7

What is the trend in atomic radius down group 2?

Answer 7

Increases down the group.

Outer electrons are less tightly held as it is shielded from the attractive force of the increase in nuclear charge

Question 8

What is the trend in ionisation energy down group 2?

Answer 8

Decreases down the group.
Atomic radius increases the outer electron is less tightly held due to shielding

Question 9

What is the trend in melting point down group 2?

Answer 9

In general decreases down the group.

Group 2 elements exist as giant metallic structures, the greater the strength of the metallic bond to higher the melting point.

The strength for the metallic bond decreases down the group due to increase in shielding so the melting point decreases

Question 10

What is magnesium used for?

Answer 10

Used in the extraction of titanium.

Titanium is used in aerospace, marine and motor vehicle industries

Question 11

What is magnesium hydroxide used for?

Answer 11

Milk of magnesia

Sparingly soluble and is sold as a suspension in water

Question 12

What is calcium hydroxide used for?

Answer 12

Known as ‘slaked lime’ and is used to neutralise acidic soil

Question 13

What is barium sulphate used for?

Answer 13

Can be eaten as part of a barium meal.

It is good at absorbing x-rays

Question 14

What is calcium oxide and calcium carbonate used for?

Answer 14

Used to neutralise sulphur dioxide which may be produced as a byproduct of the combustion of fossil fuels in order to prevent the formation of acid rain

Question 15

How does beryllium react with water?

Answer 15

Does not react with water

Question 16

How does magnesium react with water?

Answer 16

Reacts very very slowly with water but readily with steam.

Mg + water -> Mg(OH)2 + H2
Mg + steam -> MgO + H2O

Question 17

How do calcium, strontium and barium react with water?

Answer 17

All react with cold water to produce metal hydroxide and hydrogen.
The reactivity of the reaction increases as the group is descended .

Ca + 2H2O -> Ca(OH)2 + H2
Sr + 2H2O -> Sr(OH)2 + H2
Ba + 2H2O -> Ba(OH)2 + H2

Question 18

How does solubility of hydroxides change down group 2?

Answer 18

Solubility of hydroxide is increases

Question 19

How do you solubility of group two sulphate change down the group?

Answer 19

Solubility of sulphate decreases