inheritance triple Flashcards
genes code for protiens
each gene codes for a particular sequence of amino acids which are put together to form a protein
what are genes
a section of DNA that codes for a sequence of amino acids
how are proteins synthesized
template of DNA made in nucleus
template moves into cytoplasm and attaches to ribosomes
carrier molecules bring amino acids to template
carrier molecules return to cytoplasm
amino acid bond to template folling instructions from DNA
amino acids bond together and form protien
protein detaches
folds to form its shape for its job
what are expressed genes
gene codes for a protein that is synthesised in a cell
what did mendal discover about his experiment
height characteristics was determined by hereditary units passed on from each parent
what were mendals conclusions
characteristics in plants are determined by hereditary units
passed on to offspring
can be dominant or recessive
what was lamarks theroy
changes that an organism acquires during its lifetime will be passed on to its offspring
what is tissue cloning
few plant cell put in growth medium with hormones
what are cuttings
taken from parent plant to produce identical copies
how does embryo cloning work
sperm cell taken and used to fertilize egg cell.
embryo is split many times
embryos can be implanted
how does adult cell cloning work
unfertilized egg cell and removing its nucleus
nucleus removed from adult cell and inserted into empty cell
mild shock
implanted into womb
what are issues with cloning
reduced gene pool
greater understanding
not as healthy
what do mutations do
change the sequence of DNA bases in a gene which produces a variant
what happens when a mutation happens to a gene
if there are mutations the protein that the base codes for is changed
what is insertion
new base is inserted into DNA base sequence this changes the way the 3 bases are read
