bioenergetics Flashcards
photosynthesis equation
carbon dioxide + water —light—– glucose + oxygen
what is photosythesis
change carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.
Takes place in the chloroplasts which contain chlorophyll
uses of glucose
respiration( cellulose(plant cell wall) amino acids(combined with nitrate ions) stored as oils(turned into lipids for storing seeds) stored as starch(insoluble)
what effects the rate of photosythesis
light, carbon dioxide, temp
what else can be a limiting factor
chlorophyll
equation for light intensity
1 / distance squared
artificial conditions for farming
greenhouse artificial light increase carbon dioxide with paraffin heater enclosed to stop pests fertilizers
what is respiration
process of transferring energy from the break down of glucose that goes on in every cell
examples of what respiration does
build up larger molecules
allow muscles to contract
keep there body temp regulated
what is metabolism
sum total of all the reactions that happen in a cell or the body
examples of when larger molecules are made from smaller ones
small glucose molecules are joined to form starch, glycogen, cellulose
lipid made from 1 glycerol and 3 fatty acids
glucose and nitrate ions make amino acids
examples of when larger molecules are bracken down into smaller ones
glucose broken down in respiration
excess protein is broken down to produce urea
what is aerobic respiration
respiration with oxygen
equation for aerobic respiration
glucose + oxygen ——— carbon dioxide + water
what is anaerobic respiration
respiration without oxygen
incomplete breakdown of glucose making lactic acid
equation for anaerobic respiration
glucose ——— lactic acid
what is fermentation
when glucose and yeast react over a specific temp to form ethanol and carbon dioxide
equation for fermentation
glucose —— ethanol + carbon dioxide
what is an oxygen debt
amount of extra oxygen your body needs to react with the build up of lactic acid and remove it from your cells
what is formed from the reaction with lactic acid and oxygen
carbon dioxide and water
ways that you get rid of the lactic acid
blood transports lactic acid to liver and is converted to glucose
breathing hard to get oxygen
what happens during vigorous exercise
body can’t supply oxygen quickly enough so respire anaerobically
lactic acid builds
muscle fatigue
ways to get more oxygen into your body during exersise
breathing rate increases to get more oxygen
heart rate increases to get oxygenated blood around the body
removes carbon dioxide
what happens during exercise
need energy for your muscles to contract and so increased respiration is needed
