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Musculoskeletal > Infrastructure of Skeletal Muscle > Flashcards

Infrastructure of Skeletal Muscle Flashcards

1
Q

All muscle has what property?

A

contractility

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2
Q

3 types of muscle fibers

A
  • smooth
  • cardiac
  • skeletal
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3
Q

Skeletal muscle fibers are mononucleated or multinucleated?

A

multinucleated

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4
Q

The “I” in ‘I-bands’ stands for _______

A

isotropic

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5
Q

The “A” in ‘A-bands’ stands for _______

A

anisotropic

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6
Q

the _____ anchors the thin filaments of sarcomeres

A

Z-band

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7
Q

the ______ anchors adjacent thick filaments

A

M-line

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8
Q

________ is the section of the sarcomere with only thick filaments, there is no overlap with the thin filaments

A

H-band

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9
Q

__________: the space between adjacent myofibrils

A

intermyofibrillar space

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10
Q

_________: anchor thin filaments

A

Z-lines

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11
Q

Z-lines are composed of _______ and _______

A
  • (alpha)-actin

- Z-line filaments

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12
Q

M-lines are composed of _________ and ________

A
  • M-line filaments

- creatine kinase

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13
Q

the M-line contains contain ____% of the total creatine kinase for the muscle fiber

A

10%

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14
Q

4 things contained within the intermyofibrillar space

A
  • sarcoplasmic reticulum
  • mitochondria
  • glycogen
  • lipids
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15
Q

3 intermediate anchoring filaments in the sarcomere

A
  • vinculin
  • desmin
  • vimentin
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16
Q

_________: large springy globular protein that anchors M-bands and imparts a portion of the passive elastic component of muscle

A

titin

17
Q

_________ is the largest protein yet discovered and is the third most abundant muscle protein, comprising approximately 10% of the combined muscle protein content

A

titin

18
Q

the elasticity of titan helps to what?

A

restore the stretched sarcomere (muscle) back to its correct length

19
Q

Ratio of thick to thin filaments in muscle

A

6 thin: 1 thick

20
Q

the sarcolemma is attached to the endomysium via _______________ and invades the cell via the _____________

A
  • connective tissue reticular fibers

- T-tubule system

21
Q

_________: cytoskeletal protein located on the inner surface of the sarcolemma which is involved in structural integrity - anchoring of actin and may help in regulation of membrane proteins (ex. ion channels)

A

dystrophin

22
Q

What is the function of dystrophin?

A

the transmission of force to the extracellular matrix

23
Q

________: an X-linked disease where dystrophin is absent and muscle cells are unable to survive

A

muscular dystrophy

24
Q

What symptom of muscular dystrophy would show up in a blood analysis?

A

creatine kinase levels as much as 10 x the normal level

25
Q

What would a severely abnormally high level of creatine kinase potentially indicate?

A

Muscular dystrophy

26
Q

3 fields of research for a potential cure for muscular dystrophy

A
  • stem cell research
  • myostatin inhibitor trials
  • follistatin activator trials
27
Q

the “Belgian Blue” is a cattle breed that exhibits what genetic abnormality?

A

myostatin knockout

28
Q

The sarcolemma-T-tubule interconnection triad is located where?

A

at the A-I junction of sarcomeres

29
Q

Ca++ is released along the ____________ and reuptake occurs at the __________

A
  • A-I junction

- M-line

30
Q

Ca++ reuptake is regulated by __________

A

intracellular Ca++ levels

31
Q

intracellular ↑ in Ca++ stimulate ___________ on the sarcoplasmic reticulum

A

ATP-driven Ca++ pump

32
Q

the Ca++/ATP pump moves ___ Ca++ ions for every molecule of ATP consumed

A

2

33
Q

Ca++ pumps are concentrated along the _____________ of the sarcoplasmic reticulum

A

longitudinal sarcotubules

34
Q

Ca++ binding within the sarcoplasmic reticulum is achieved by ___________

A

calsequestrin

35
Q

According to the Sliding Filament Hypothesis, which sections of the muscle cell will decrease in length with contraction?

A
  • sarcomere
  • I band
  • H band
36
Q

According to the Sliding Filament Hypothesis, which sections of the muscle cell will have no change in length with contraction?

A
  • A bands

- M bands

Musculoskeletal (13 decks)

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