Influence of Others Flashcards
social facilitation
the increased performance that occurs in the presence of co-actors or an audience
social learning theory
we learn appropriate behaviours by modelling and imitating the behaviour of others
norm formation
your response to something starts to match up with the response of others, even if they were confederates that were lying
two functions of a group for decision making
normative function and comparative function
normative function
the role of others in setting standards for our conduct based on a fear of rejection
comparative function
the role of others in providing information about an ambiguous situation
group polarization
group decision making strengthens the original inclinations of the individual group members
groupthink
group decision making environment that occurs when group cohesiveness becomes so strong it overrides realistic appraisals of reality and alternative opinions
it basically makes you think that your group is completely right, and others are wrong
avoiding groupthink
be impartial
encourage critical evaluation
occasionally subdivide the group
provide a second chance
collective ignorance
when each individual in a group see nobody responding in a given situation, they conclude that the situation is not an emergency
diffusion of responsibility
in deciding whether we have to act, we determine that someone else in the group is more qualified
social loafing
individuals seem to be less motivated when working in a group than when working alone
cognitive dissonance
an uncomfortable feeling when your attitude and behaviour are not aligned
de-individuation
in a group situation, the loss of a sense of personal responsibility and restraint
it is a situation in which anti-normative behaviour is released where group members are no longer seen as individuals
persuasion factors
credibility
physical attractiveness
similarity
speech style
framing the message itself (one-sided or two-sided argument)
background of your audience (central appeal for academic audience or peripheral appeal for non-academic audience)
