Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PHARM 346 - Other > Inflammatory Bowel Disease > Flashcards

Inflammatory Bowel Disease Flashcards

1
Q

What is IBD

A

Refers to two chronic inflammatory diseases of the GI tract
- Ulcerative Colitis
- Crohn Disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Who is affected more by IBD

A

Females

Late Teens/20’s or 60’s/70’s

North America

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Why is IBD common in Canada

A
  • Industralized Nation
  • Northern Hemisphere
  • City
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Crohn’s Colitis

A

Disease involoving only colon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Crohn’s Ileitis

A

Disease involving only ileum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Crohn’s Ileocolitis

A

Disease involving both ileum and ileocolitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What increases risk of IBD
- Inflammatory

A
  • Pro-inflammatory cytokines
  • Epithelial barrier
  • Loss of tolerance
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What increases risk of IBD
- Non Immune

A
  • Triggered by bacteria
  • Reactive oxygen species
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What decreases risk of IBD
- Diet

A
  • Whole foods
  • Omega 3
  • Fibre
  • Vitamin D
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What decreases the risk of IBD
- Physical Health

A
  • Sleep
  • Exercise
  • Healthy Weight
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What decreases the risk of IBD
- Mental Health

A
  • Sleep
  • Stress Reduction
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What decreases the risk of IBD
- Medications

A
  • Limiting NSAIDs
  • Avoiding antibiotics in kids
  • Smoking (Is protective in UC)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Toxic Megacolon
- Risks

A
  • Antidiarrheals
  • Anticholinergics
  • Opioids
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Ulcerative Colitis
- Areas of Inflammation

A

Only in Colon
- Ileum is involved in backwash ileitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Crohn Disease
- Areas of Inflammation

A

Anywhere in GI tract (mouth to anus)
- Most common = Terminal Ileum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Ulcerative Colitis
- Depth of Inflammation

A

Mucosal/Submucosal Layers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Crohn Disease
- Depth of inflammation

A

Transmural

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Ulcerative Colitis
- Distribution of Lesions

A

Continuous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Crohn Disease
- Distribution of Lesions

A

Discontinuous (Skip)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Ulcerative Colitis
- Other Features

A
  • Abscesses of Crypts of the mucosa
  • Pseudopolyps (Ulcers surround mucosa masses)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Crohn Disease
- Other Features

A
  • Granulomas (Tiny clump of WBC)
  • Fibrosis (Excessive connective tissue)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Ulcerative Colitis
- Symptoms

A
  • Abdominal Pain
  • Frequent bowel movements
  • Mucous in stools
  • Blood in stools
  • Tenesmus (Feeling of going to the bathroom)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Crohn Disease
- Symptoms

A
  • Abdominal Pain (Lower right quadrant most common)
  • Frequent bowel movements
  • Mucous in stools
  • Blood in stools (Less common than UC)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Ulcerative Colitis
- Severe Symptoms

A

Systemic Symptoms
- Fever
- Weakness
- Dehydration (Electrolyte Abnormalities, Tachycardia)

24
Q

Crohn Disease
- Severe Symptoms

A

Systemic Symptoms (More common than Ulcerative Colitis)
- Fever
- Weakness
- Dehydration (Electrolyte abnormalities, Tachycardia)

25
Q

Ulcerative Colitis
- Local Complications

A
  • Hemorrhoids, Anal Fistulas, Perirectal Abscesses
  • Toxic megacolon
  • Intestinal stricture (Colonic Stricture)
  • Colorectal Cancer (depends on the duration and extent of involvement)
26
Q

Crohn Disease
- Local Complications

A
  • Small bowel strictures that cause bowel obstruction
  • Fistulas (Most common in anal and rectal)
  • Abscesses (Pocket of pus)
  • Sinus tract infections
27
Q

Ulcerative Colitis
- Systemic

A
  • Malnutrition, Malabsorption (Severe Disease)
  • Anemia (Iron Deficient)
28
Q

Crohn Disease
- Systemic

A
  • Malnutrition, Malabsorption (More common than UC)
  • Folate, Vitamin A, Vitamin B12, Vitamin D, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn
  • Anemia (Iron Deficient Anemia)
  • VTE
  • Osteoporosis (From Malnutrition, Steroids, Inflammation)
  • Growth stunts in kids
29
Q

Extraintestinal Manifestations of UC and CD

A

Arthritis / Arthralgia
Hepatobiliary
Dermatologic
Ocular

30
Q

Extraintestinal Manifestations Categories

A

Inflammatory process at distal sites

Associations with other immune mediated disease

Complications of systematic inflammation

AE of Drug Therapy

31
Q

Extraintestinal Manifestations
- Inflammatory process at distal sites

A

Oral manifestations
Scleritis
Uveitis

32
Q

Extraintestinal Manifestations
- Associations with other immune mediated disease

A

Multiple Sclerosis
Myocarditis
Bronchicctasis

33
Q

Extraintestinal Manifestations
- Complications of Systematic Inflammation

A

Fatigue
VTE
Anemia
Stroke

34
Q

Extraintestinal Manifestations
- AE of IBD Therapy

A

Pancreatitis
Pericarditis
Osteoporosis

35
Q

IBD Lab Values
- What to look for in diagnosis

A

High:
- Fecal Calprotein (>250 ug/g)
- C-Reactive Protein
- White Blood Cell

Low:
- Hb
- Iron
- B12
- Folate

36
Q

IBD
- Diagnosis Imaging

A

Endoscopy
- CD: Cobblestone

Biopsy
- Histology

Barium Radiographic Contrast Study
- Contraindicated severe UC (Risk of toxic megacolon)

37
Q

Crohn Disease
- Various Fistulas?

A
  • Intestinal
  • Perianal
  • Bladder
  • Vaginal
38
Q

Ulcerative Colitis
- Classification Mild

A

Stools Per Day
- <4
Blood in Stools
- ?
Systemic Symptoms
- None
ESR/CRP
- Normal

39
Q

Ulcerative Colitis
- Classification Moderate

A

Stools Per Day
- 4-6
Blood in Stools
- ?
Systemic Symptoms
- None
ESR/CRP
- Normal

40
Q

Ulcerative Colitis
- Classification Severe

A

Stools Per Day
- >6
Blood in Stools
- Present
Systemic Symptoms
- Present
ESR/CRP
- Elevated

40
Q

Crohn Disease
- Classification Mild-Moderate

A
  • Ambulatory, can tolerate oral intake
  • No dehydration, fever, abdominal tenderness, painful mass, weight loss
41
Q

Crohn Disease
- Classification Moderate-Severe

A
  • Failed mild-moderate treatment
    OR
  • Fever, Weight Loss, Abdominal Pain, Nausea, Vomiting, Anemia
42
Q

Crohn Disease
- Classification Severe-Fulminant

A
  • Persistient symptoms despite steroids as outpatient
    OR
  • High fever, persistient vomiting, intestinal obstruction, rebound tenderness, Cachexia, Abscess
43
Q

Monitoring Effectiveness

A

Symptoms
- Reduced fatigue
- Consistient stools
- Less or no cramping
- Improved nutrition
- Improved muscle mass

Lab Values
- CRP
- Fecal Calprotein
- Colonscopy should show reduced inflammation
- HB normalizing, platelets decreasing

44
Q

Monitoring Safety

A

Symptoms:
- Fatigue/brain fog
- Nausea, mouth sores
- Sunburn
- Alcohol

Lab Values
- ALT/Albumin (Ensure proper liver function)
- Serum Creatinine
- CBC
- Test for exposure to Hep B and C

45
Q

Biosimilars vs Generic

A

Generics are identical to reference product

Biosimilars are highly similars (have some variation due to the complex nature of cells)
- One clinical study comparing biosimilar to reference product is needed

46
Q

Interchangeability

A

Expected to produce the same clinical response in the same patient
- Financial decision

47
Q

Substitutability

A

Expected to produce similar clinical outcomes
- Formulary/Coverage decision

48
Q

Can you interchange/substitute a biosimilar

A

You can but, Health Canada recommends against it

49
Q

Biologics and Infections

A
  • Hold biologics until 48 hours after antibiotic completion or symptom resolution
  • Vaccinate 4 weeks before biologic initiation,
  • Avoid live vaccines
50
Q

Biologics and Perioperative

A
  • Hold biologics pre and post operation to decrease risk of infection
51
Q

Biologics and Pregnancy

A

TNFi
- 1st and 2nd Trimester is safe
- 3rd Trimester can increase risks of infection
Plan last injection:
- Adalimumab 1-3 weeks
- Infliximab 4-10 weeks

Other Biologics
- Lack of evidence, leans towards harm

52
Q

IBD Medications and Pregnancy
- Aminosalicylates

A

Can use in pregnancy
- Ensure folic acid supplementation

53
Q

IBD Medications and Pregnancy
- Prednisone

A

Can use in pregnancy
- Use cautiously in first semester (Very low risk of cleft palates)
- Weigh risk to benefits

54
Q

IBD Medications and Pregnancy
- Azathioprine

A

Can use in pregnancy

55
Q

IBD Medications and Pregnancy
- Methotrexate

A

Avoid use in pregnancy
- Discontinue 3 months before trying to get pregnant

56
Q

IBD Medications and Pregnancy
- JAK Inhibitors

A

Avoid use in pregnancy
- Discontinue 4-6 weeks before trying to get pregnant

57
Q

IBD Medications and Pregnancy
- SP-1 Modulators

A

Avoid use in pregnancy
- Discontinue 3 months before trying to get pregnant

PHARM 346 - Other (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions