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GI > Inflammatory Bowel Diseaes > Flashcards

Inflammatory Bowel Diseaes Flashcards

1
Q

What is the onset age of IBD?

A

20-29

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2
Q

What is the first complain of someone with ulcerative colitis?

A

bloody diarrhea

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3
Q

What is the first complain of someone with crohns?

A

abd pain then non-bloddy diarrhea

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4
Q

What is the primary site of UC?

A

rectum

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5
Q

where is the primary site of Crohn’s

A

ilecolic

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6
Q

Smoking in IBD does what to the rates of UC? rates of Crohn’s?

A

Decreases UC, increases Crohn’s

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7
Q

How do appendectomy, high-sanitation level in childhood and high-intake of refined carbs affect CD?

A

they increase the risk, while cigarette smoking and appendectomy decrease the risk of UC

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8
Q

Explain the hygiene hypothesis

A

Incidence of immune-mediated diesases rising in developed countries (possibly due to lack of exposure to bacteria)

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9
Q

What is the characteristic pathologic finding of UC

A

dilated and thinned colon with severe universal inflammation

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10
Q

Skip lesions with UC?

A

No

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11
Q

On endoscopy what do you see in UC?

A

hyperemia, edema granularity with friability, easy bleeding, broad based ulceration, pseudopolyps, tunnels with mucosal bidges, rarely perforation

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12
Q

What is toxic megacolon?

A

shutdown of neuromuscular function secondary to exposure of fecal material to muscularis mucosae and neural plexus

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13
Q

What is the gross pathology of UC

A

edematous, congested and hemorrhagic mucosa with superficial ulceration and loss or normal folding pattern, leaving behind islands of mucosa at the previous surface level are the pseudopolyps

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14
Q

On microscopic histology what do you see in UC

A

edematous congested musocs with more blue than normal (because of inflammatory cells). LIMITED TO THE MUCOSA. Crypt abscessed with polys and crypt architecturla distortion

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15
Q

In UC, are there granulomas?

A

NOPE

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16
Q

What is ulcerative proctitis?

A

inflammation confind the rectum, rectal bleeding may be only sign of dz, rectal pain, feeling of urgency or tenesmus

17
Q

What is proctosigmoiditis?

A

involves rectum and sigmoid, bloody diarrhea abd cramps and pain and tenesmus are common. disease is continuous

18
Q

What is left-sided colitis?

A

inflammation extends up from rectum to the left side. continuous. bloody diarrhea, abd cramping and pain on left side with unintended weight loss

19
Q

what is pancolitis?

A

affecting entire colon with bloody diarrhea, that may be sever, abd cramps and pain with fatigue and significant weight loss

20
Q

What is fulminant colitis?

A

uncommon life-threatening, affects entire colon, severe pain, profuse diarrhea, dehydration shock and sirs. associated with extensive and deep colonic injury

21
Q

On endoscopy, what disappear with UC?

A

the appearance of blood vessels goes away

22
Q

Where is the most common location for crohn’s disease?

A

ileum and cecum.

23
Q

what structures can crohn’s affect?

A

apthoid ulcers in mouth, esophageal ulcers, gastricdz, and small bowel

24
Q

When ddoes the age of dx from crohns typically occur?

A

20s

25
Q

What are the typical things seen in CD

A 
asymmetrical dz
apthous ulcers
rectal sparing
skip lesions
deep ulcerations
stricture formation
fistula
dz can be limited to right colon
26
Q

What are the general characterisitcs of CDs in terms of depth of invasion? Reactions?

A

transmural involvement, non-caseating granulomas

27
Q

What is the gross pathology of cd?

A

transmural dz with cobblestone mucosa, skip lesions (alternating areas of involved and univolved bowel), creeping fat on the serosa, pseudopolyps

28
Q

Microscopic pathology of CD

A

fistula, edema inflammation with neutrophils, lymphocytes, plasma cells, eosinophils, and macrophages forming granulomas!!!

29
Q

Pain in LRQ can be confused between what two dzs?

A

appendicitis and crohn’s disease

30
Q

What are some extra-intestinal manifestations of cd?

A

enterocutaneous fistula, aphtoid ulcers, erythema nodosum, pyoderma grangrenosum, uveitis,

31
Q

what is hematochezia?

A

passage of fresh blood through anus, typically do to rectal bleeding because the colon did not have time to change the blood

32
Q

Who is at risk for colorectal cancer with IBD

A 
extensive ibd
long duration of ibd
young onset of dz
severe ibd
presence of backwash ileitis (UC)
family hx of crc
personal hx of sclerosing cholangitis

GI (40 decks)

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