Infertility and ART

Question 1

When is the inability to achieve pregnancy considered infertility?

Answer 1

After 12 months

Question 2

FSH during the follicular phase in a normal adult female

Answer 2

2.5 - 10.2 mIU/mL

Question 3

FSH during the midcycle phase in a normal adult female

Answer 3

3.4 - 33.4 mIU/mL

Question 4

FSH during the luteal phase in a normal adult female

Answer 4

1.5 - 9.1 mIU/mL

Question 5

FSH during pregnancy in a normal adult female

Answer 5

< 0.2 mIU/mL

Question 6

FSH level in a postmenopausal woman

Answer 6

23.0 - 116.3 mIU/mL

Question 7

Infertile range of AMH

Answer 7

< 0.8 ng/mL

Question 8

Low fertility range of AMH

Answer 8

0.8 - 2.0 ng/mL

Question 9

Normal fertile range of AMH

Answer 9

2.0 - 6.0 ng/mL

Question 10

Range of AMH that indicates risk for PCOS

Answer 10

> 6.0 ng/mL

Question 11

X-ray with contrast dye to determine whether tubes are open or blocked

Answer 11

Hysterosalpingogram

Question 12

Normal range for volume of ejaculation

Answer 12

> 2.0 mL

Question 13

Normal range for liquefaction of ejaculation

Answer 13

< 60 minutes

Question 14

Normal range for viscosity of ejaculation

Answer 14

Moderate to low

Question 15

Normal range for concentration of ejaculation

Answer 15

> 20 x 10^6 /mL

Question 16

Normal range for motility of ejaculation

Answer 16

> 50%

Question 17

Normal range for WHO morphology of ejaculation

Answer 17

> 15%

Question 18

Oligospermia

Answer 18

Less than 20 million sperm/mL in ejaculate

Question 19

Azospermia

Answer 19

No sperm in ejaculate

Question 20

What are most infertility cases treated with?

Answer 20

Conventional therapy such as diet, exercise, medication, or surgery

Question 21

What can be used to treat a luteal phase defect?

Answer 21

Progesterone

Question 22

What can be used to treat PCOS?

Answer 22

Metformin an exercise

Question 23

Polyp

Answer 23

non-cancerous growth attached to endometrium extending into uterine cavity

Question 24

Septum

Answer 24

wedge-like partition within uterine cavity

Question 25

Follicle recruitment is gonadotropin-_______________

Answer 25

independent

Question 26

Due to the negative feedback during the mid-follicular phase, FSH will _______ as estradiol ________

Answer 26

FSH will decline as estradiol increases

Question 27

Clomiphene citrate (Clomid)

Answer 27

• Estrogen antagonist
• Blocks negative feedback during mid-cycle stimulating FSH and LH
• Can change cervical mucus and reduce endometrial proliferation

Question 28

Letrozole (Femara)

Answer 28

• Aromatase inhibitor
• Prevents conversion of androgen to estrogen
• Lower estradiol permits more LH