Infertility and ART Flashcards
When is the inability to achieve pregnancy considered infertility?
After 12 months
FSH during the follicular phase in a normal adult female
2.5 - 10.2 mIU/mL
FSH during the midcycle phase in a normal adult female
3.4 - 33.4 mIU/mL
FSH during the luteal phase in a normal adult female
1.5 - 9.1 mIU/mL
FSH during pregnancy in a normal adult female
< 0.2 mIU/mL
FSH level in a postmenopausal woman
23.0 - 116.3 mIU/mL
Infertile range of AMH
< 0.8 ng/mL
Low fertility range of AMH
0.8 - 2.0 ng/mL
Normal fertile range of AMH
2.0 - 6.0 ng/mL
Range of AMH that indicates risk for PCOS
> 6.0 ng/mL
X-ray with contrast dye to determine whether tubes are open or blocked
Hysterosalpingogram
Normal range for volume of ejaculation
> 2.0 mL
Normal range for liquefaction of ejaculation
< 60 minutes
Normal range for viscosity of ejaculation
Moderate to low
Normal range for concentration of ejaculation
> 20 x 10^6 /mL
Normal range for motility of ejaculation
> 50%
Normal range for WHO morphology of ejaculation
> 15%
Oligospermia
Less than 20 million sperm/mL in ejaculate
Azospermia
No sperm in ejaculate
What are most infertility cases treated with?
Conventional therapy such as diet, exercise, medication, or surgery
What can be used to treat a luteal phase defect?
Progesterone
What can be used to treat PCOS?
Metformin an exercise
Polyp
non-cancerous growth attached to endometrium extending into uterine cavity
Septum
wedge-like partition within uterine cavity
Follicle recruitment is gonadotropin-_______________
independent
Due to the negative feedback during the mid-follicular phase, FSH will _______ as estradiol ________
FSH will decline as estradiol increases
Clomiphene citrate (Clomid)
- Estrogen antagonist
- Blocks negative feedback during mid-cycle stimulating FSH and LH
- Can change cervical mucus and reduce endometrial proliferation
Letrozole (Femara)
- Aromatase inhibitor
- Prevents conversion of androgen to estrogen
- Lower estradiol permits more LH
