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PSIO469 - Repro > Erection and Ejaculation > Flashcards

Erection and Ejaculation Flashcards

1
Q

Neurovascular phenomenon resulting from changes in blood flow

A

Erection

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2
Q

Erection

A

Penis becomes rigid permitting entry into vagina

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3
Q

Ejaculation

A

Discharge of semen from penis

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4
Q

Vascular compartments of penis

A

Sinusoidal spaces of corpora cavernosa and corpus spongiosum

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5
Q

Penile smooth muscle role before and during erection

A
  • Smooth muscle surrounds the vascular compartments of the penis.
  • The SM contracts during the flaccid state and relaxes during erection.
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6
Q

Tunica albuginea

A

Tough fibroelastic covering (connective tissue) surrounding the corpora carnosa and corpus spongiosum

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7
Q

Flow of blood through vessels of the penis

A
  1. Dorsal artery
  2. Circumflex artery
  3. Cavernous artery
  4. Helicine arteries
  5. Sinusoidal spaces
  6. Circumflex vein
  7. Dorsal vein
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8
Q

Which structure surrounds the urethra?

A

Corpus spongiosum

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9
Q

What is a sinusoidal compartment?

A

A compartment that can vary in size/amount of volume it holds

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10
Q

Which muscles contract at the base of the penis to compress venous outflow?

A
  • Ischiocavernosus skeletal muscle
  • Bulbospongiosus skeletal muscle
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11
Q

Flaccid state of penis

A
  • Arteries supplying vascular components are constricted.
  • Penis contains little blood.
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12
Q

Erect state of penis

A
  • Arteries dilate to increase blood flow of penis.
  • Vascular compartments (sinuses) expand
  • Veins are compressed (reduced blood outflow)
  • Blood pressure in penis increases
  • Penis becomes rigid
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13
Q

Dorsal and pudendal nerve

A

Afferent pathway

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14
Q

Pudendal and perineal nerves

A

Somatic NS

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15
Q

Cavernous nerve

A

Autonomic NS

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16
Q

If a patient had their spinal cord severed at L4, they would be…

A

able to have both a psychogenic and/or reflexogenic erection

17
Q

Sexual response cycle

A
  1. Excitement phase
  2. Plateau phase
  3. Orgasmic phase
  4. Resolution phase
18
Q

Excitement phase of male sexual response cycle

A

Includes psychogenic and/or reflexogenic erection

19
Q

Plateau phase of male sexual response cycle

A

Intensification of excitement phase

20
Q

Orgasmic phase of male sexual response cycle

A
  • Includes ejaculation reflex (emission and expulsion)
  • Rhythmic contractions of penis are accompanied by increase respiration and heart rate, generalized muscle contraction, and heightened emotion
21
Q

Resolution phase of male sexual response cycle

A
  • Return to pre-arousal state
  • Includes latent period during which second erection is not possible
22
Q

Emission in response to penile afferents

A
  • Penile stimulation causes contraction of smooth muscle of epididymis, vas deferens, ejaculatory ducts, prostate
  • Seminal vesicles to deposit sperm and glandular secretions into urethra
  • Contraction of urinary bladder sphincter
23
Q

Expulsion in response to urethral afferents

A

Filling of urethra stimulates rhythmic contraction of skeletal muscle (bulbospongiosus) at the base of penis to expel semen

24
Q

Emission during ejaculation is stimulated by which pathway

A

Simultaneous sympathetic and parasympathetic reflexes

25
Q

Expulsion during ejaculation is stimulated by which pathway

A

Somatic (motor) reflex

26
Q

Orgasm sensation may result from…

A

Near simultaneous activation of sympathetic and parasympathetic tension-release process

27
Q

Which reflex loop or pathway is responsible for the relaxation of smooth muscle?

A
  • Pudendo-cavernosal reflex loop
  • Psychogenic pathway
28
Q

Which reflex loop or pathway is responsible for the compression of venous outflow?

A

Bulbocavernosus reflex loop

29
Q

Which reflex loop or pathway is integrated with higher centers?

A

Ascending spinal pathway

PSIO469 - Repro (18 decks)

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