Infectious Diseases of the Skin & Eyes

Question 1

What skin infections/diseases does staphylococcus aureus cause? What kinds of cells are staphylococcus aureus?

Answer 1

Infections of skin, blood, and bone; pneumonia; food poisoning; meningitis

G+ cocci in clusters

Question 2

What skin infections/diseases does Streptococcus pyogenes cause? What kinds of cells are Streptococcus pyogenes?

Answer 2

Infections of skin and blood; pharyngitis; pneumonia; scarlet and rheumatic fevers

G+ cocci in chains

Question 3

For Impetigo:

name the microbe(s)

identify type of microbe (e.g., prokaryote, virus, yeast, etc.)

recognize noteworthy symptom(s) for diagnosis

identify mode(s) of transmission

describe prevention and/or treatment

Answer 3

name the microbe(s)
- caused by staph or strep

identify type of microbe
- bacteria

recognize noteworthy symptom(s) for diagnosis

• pustules
• skin peeling
• yellowish crusts

identify mode(s) of transmission
 - direct and indirect contact

describe treatment
- topical mupirocin

Question 4

For cellulitis:

name the microbe(s)

identify type of microbe (e.g., prokaryote, virus, yeast, etc.)

recognize noteworthy symptom(s) for diagnosis

identify mode(s) of transmission

describe prevention and/or treatment

Answer 4

name the microbe(s)
- staph or strep

identify type of microbe (e.g., prokaryote, virus, yeast, etc.)
- bacteria

recognize noteworthy symptom(s) for diagnosis
- infection of dermis & subcutaneous tissue

identify mode(s) of transmission
 -  parenteral (thru the skin) implantation

describe prevention and/or treatment
- oral antibiotics for uncomplicated infections or i.v. antibiotics & debridement for serious infections or immunocompromised

Question 5

For necrotizing fasciitis:

name the microbe(s)

identify type of microbe (e.g., prokaryote, virus, yeast, etc.)

recognize noteworthy symptom(s) for diagnosis

identify mode(s) of transmission

describe prevention and/or treatment

Answer 5

name the microbe(s)
- Staph or strep

identify type of microbe (e.g., prokaryote, virus, yeast, etc.)
- bacteria

recognize noteworthy symptom(s) for diagnosis
- rapid tissue digestion

identify mode(s) of transmission
 - bacteria introduced through cuts/scrapes

describe prevention and/or treatment
- i.v. antibiotics, debridement, amputation

Question 6

For staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS):

name the microbe(s)

identify type of microbe (e.g., prokaryote, virus, yeast, etc.)

recognize noteworthy symptom(s) for diagnosis

identify mode(s) of transmission

describe prevention and/or treatment

Answer 6

name the microbe(s)
- staph

identify type of microbe (e.g., prokaryote, virus, yeast, etc.)
- bacteria

recognize noteworthy symptom(s) for diagnosis
- characterized by widespread desquamation of epidermis (looks like a burn)

identify mode(s) of transmission
-
describe prevention and/or treatment

compare & contrast to similar disease(s)

Question 7

What are the types of abscesses?

Answer 7

folliculitis
And
furuncle or carbuncle (“boil”)

Causes by S. aureus

Question 8

Which test is most useful for differentiating Staphylococcus aureus from Streptococcus pyogenes?

Answer 8

catalase

Question 9

Which of the following is a superficial skin infection characterized by pustules that form yellowish crusts?

cellulitis
erysipelas
impetigo
necrotizing fasciitis
scalded-skin syndrome

Answer 9

impetigo

Question 10

For measles

name the microbe(s)

identify type of microbe (e.g., prokaryote, virus, yeast, etc.)

recognize noteworthy symptom(s) for diagnosis

identify mode(s) of transmission

describe prevention and/or treatment

Answer 10

name the microbe(s)
- rubeola

identify type of microbe (e.g., prokaryote, virus, yeast, etc.)
- virus

recognize noteworthy symptom(s) for diagnosis

• red rash spreads from head to trunk and extremities
• Koplik’s spots appear in oral cavity

identify mode(s) of transmission
 - respiratory

describe prevention and/or treatment
- vaccine

Question 11

For chickenpox

name the microbe(s)

identify type of microbe (e.g., prokaryote, virus, yeast, etc.)

recognize noteworthy symptom(s) for diagnosis

identify mode(s) of transmission

describe prevention and/or treatment

Answer 11

name the microbe(s)
- varicella zoster

identify type of microbe (e.g., prokaryote, virus, yeast, etc.)
- virus

recognize noteworthy symptom(s) for diagnosis
- fever followed by centripetal rash (scalp, face, trunk)

identify mode(s) of transmission
 - respiratory

describe prevention and/or treatment
- antiviral drug (acyclovir)

Question 12

What is shingles?

Answer 12

latent infection of cranial or spinal nerves resulting from chickenpox

Question 13

For smallpox

name the microbe(s)

identify type of microbe (e.g., prokaryote, virus, yeast, etc.)

recognize noteworthy symptom(s) for diagnosis

identify mode(s) of transmission

describe prevention and/or treatment

Answer 13

name the microbe(s)
- Variola major

identify type of microbe (e.g., prokaryote, virus, yeast, etc.)
- virus

recognize noteworthy symptom(s) for diagnosis
- centrifugal pustular rash (begins at the head and trunk but spreads to the extremities)

identify mode(s) of transmission
 - respiratory transmission

describe prevention and/or treatment
- no effective treatment

Question 14

Which differential symptom is associated with measles?

Answer 14

Kopliks spots

Question 15

What latent infection is associated with varicella-zoster virus?

Answer 15

shingles

Question 16

What are the infectious diseases of the eye?

Answer 16

conjunctivitis (various)
- “pink eye”

trachoma (bacterial)
- leading cause of infectious blindness worldwide

keratitis (viral)
- leading cause of infectious blindness U.S.

Question 17

What is the leading cause of infectious blindness worldwide?

Answer 17

trachoma

Question 18

What course of action is used to prevent neonatal conjunctivitis?

Answer 18

antibiotic eye drops