Infectious diseases and zoonoses Flashcards
What is most common in small animal practice
GI
Skin
Febrile illness
Microbiology is the study of
Bacteria
Viruses
Parasites
Fungi
Zoonoses are
Infections acquired by humans from animals
Examples of zoonoses
Salmonella
Rabies
Cat scratch disease
Normal bacterial flora can
Coexist without any ill effects on the host
What is important when considering infectious diseases
Organism
Epidemiology
Pathogenesis
Clinical features
Diagnosis
Treatment and prognosis
Prevention and control
What is epidemiology
Study of the spread of infectious diseases within a community or population
Spread of an organism within the population depends on
Patients with active disease
Symptomless carriers
Animals to animal transmission or animal to human
Food water soil
Reservoirs and sources
Immunity
The host parasite relationship is
The relationship between host and microorganism determines the outcome of any infection
Non specific mechanisms
Skin
Normal flora
Flushing of body fluids
Hostile environments
Phagocytosis
Specific defence mechanisms
Antibody response
Cell mediated response
Cytokines
What is pathogenesis
Process whereby organisms cause disease
What are the effects of pathogenesis
Acquisition
Colonisation
Invasion
Spread
Damage
Resolution
Progression of anthrax pathway
Plasmid encoded virulence factors- capsule and toxin
Regulated by carbon dioxide and temperature
Capsules inhibits phagocytosis
What does septicaemia cause
Vascular permeability
Haemorrhage
Shock
Death
Viruses do what
Replicate within cells by subverting their metabolic activity
Redirects them to the synthesis of new viral components
Assembly into infectious virsl practicals
Fungi invasion is
Spores in the environment
Multiply in skin
Utilize keratin producing common superficial infection
Re emerging bacterial infectious diseases
Leptospirosis
Bartonellosis
BV
Brucellosis
Remerging viral infectious diseases
Foot and mouth
Rabies
Control of infectious diseases is by
Improvements in hygiene, nutrition, waste disposal, clean water, good housing, sewage disposal
Antiseptic techniques
Sterilisation, disinfection
Vaccination
