Animal cell structure and function Flashcards
Nucleus structure
Nuclear membrane with nuclear pores
Nucleolus
DNA material
Nuceloplasm
What is the nucleolus responsible for
Synthesis of ribosomal rnas
What is the function of the nucleus
Site of DNA replication and DNA transcription
Ribosome function
Site of protein synthesis
Ribosome structure
Complex of proteins
The ER consists of
Flattened tubes
Function of ER
Protein synthesis
Steps of ER- Golgi transport
Protein synthesised on rough er
Protein exits through transport vesicles
Vesicles fuse with cis Golgi complex
Proteins migrate to trans Golgi
Proteins are packaged into secretory vesicles
Transported to cell membrane
Exocytosis
Function of Golgi apparatus
Post translational modification
What are examples of post translation modifications
Proper folding
Assembly into proteins
Specific proteolytic cleavage
Addition of carbohydrates
Formation of disulphide bond
What are lysosomes
Organelle involved in degradation
Has degradative enzymes
Mitochondria function
Essiential for energy production
Function of cytoskeleton
Provides the cell with structure
What are the components of the cytoskeleton
Micro filaments
Actin
Microtubules
Intermediate filaments
What factors control the fluidity of the cell membrane
Length of fatty acid chains
Degree of saturation
Cholesterol
Endo and exoxytosis
What does cholesterol provide to the cell membrane
Rigidity
What is a glycolipid
Lipids with an attached carbohydrate group
What are the functions of glycolipids
Protection
Immunity to infection
Transplant compatibility
Cell adhesion
What is lateral diffusion
Molecules can move from one side of the membrane to another but only at the same side of the bilayer
Rotation of phospholipid is
Rotate on the spot
Bobbing
When phsopholipid bobs up and down
