Infectious Disease- UTI and Pneumonia Flashcards
Fever, productive cough, and consolidation on CXR
what is it?
what else do we need to consider?
Fever, productive cough, and consolidation on a CXR is the classic presentation of
PNEUMONIA
The next step is to determine if hte pneumonia is
CAP or HCAP.
If a patient has not had an x-ray, fever, chest pain, and a productive cough can indicate CAP.
What is CAP?
CAP is fever, productive cough, and consolidation on CXR
WITHOUT an association with healthcare facilities.
The most common cause of CAP is strep pneumo.
One must consider risk factors to determine the second most common cause.
Fever, productive cough, and consolidation on a CXR in a
pt with COPD or a smoker?
what is the most likely bug?
Fever, productive cough, and consolidation on a CXR in a
pt with COPD is caused by
H. flu
Fever, productive cough, and consolidation on a CXR in a
pt at risk for aspiration
what is the most likely causative organism?
The most likely organisms causing pneumonia in a
pt at risk for aspiration are
Klebsiella and other anaerobes
What is the most likely cause of CAP in a patient recovering from a viral illness
The most likely cause of CAP in a patient recovering from a viral illness is
S. Aureus
What is the most likely cause of CAP in an immunosuppressed patient?
pneumonia
+
immunosuppression
=
Legionella
How do you treat CAP?
Treat CAP with
moxifloxacin
or
3rd gen cephlasporin + macrolide
What are the most likely causes of HCAP?
The most likely causative organisms in HCAP are
Pseudomona
and
MRSA
How do you treat HCAP?
Treat HCAP with
piperacillin + tazobactam
and
Vancomycin
Fever + productive Cough + normal CXR
Bronchitis
treat bronchitis with
macrolide OR doxycycline OR moxifloxacin
Fever + productive cough + foul breath + cavitation on CXR
Abscess
treat an abscess with a
3rd generation cephalosporin + clindamycin
No need to drain
Fever + cough + immunocompromised
PCP
you may also see hypoxemia and an elevated LDH
Fever + Cough + myalgias/arthralgias/body aches
Fuckin’ flu.
How do you diagnose PCP?
diagnose PCP with a silver stain.
treat with Bactrim
(+) steroids IF patient has a low SPO2 or is hypoxic
remember- PCP will also have an elevated LDH
How do you treat the Flu?
treat the flu with
OSELAMIVIR