Infectious Disease Flashcards
Staphylococcal infections - pathophys
typically begin as localized infection - entry through skin portal
Bacterial invasion is spread through blood stream or lymphatic system to almost any body location
Infection produces suppuration (pus formation) and abscess
Staphylococcal infections - Methicillin resistanct staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
antibiotic resistant strain
resistant to all penicillins and cephalosporins
found in about 1% of population
Staphylococcal infections - Vancomycin resistant staphylococus aureus (VRSA)
Resistant to vancomycin
Can be life threatening infection
Streptococcal infections - types - Group A
S. Pyogenes = pharyngitis, rheumatic fever, scarlet fever, impetigo, necrotizing fascitis (gangrene), cellulitis, myositis
Streptococcal infections - types - Group B
S agalactiae = neonatal and adult streptococcal B infections
Streptococcal infections - types - Group C
S pneumoniae - pneumonia, otitis media, meningitis, endocarditis
Hepatitis is what
inflammation of the liver, may be caused by viral or bacterial infection or chemical agents like alcohol, drugs, toxins
Hepatitis - Types - Hep A virus (HAV, acute infectious hepatitis)
Transmission through fecal-oral route, contracted through contaminated food or water or person to person contact
It is an acute illness - not chronic
Hepatitis - Types - Hep B virus (HBV, serum hepatitis)
Tranmission from blood, body fuids, body tissues, through blood transfusion, oral or sexual contact with someone who is infected, infected needles
Can be acute or chronic
Hepatitis - Types - Hep C virus (HCV)
Transmission from blood, body fuids, body tissues, through blood transfusion, oral or sexual contact with someone who is infected, infected needles
Can be acute or chronic
Hepatitis - Types - Hep D virus (HDV)
Similar to transmission of HBV
Rare in US
Hepatitis - S/S
Initial (preiceteric phase) - low fever, anorexia, n/v, fatigue, malaise, HA, abdominal tender and pain
Jaundice (iceteric phase) - fever, jandice, enlarged liver with tenderness
TB is what
an airborne infectious disease caused by bacillus myobacterium tuberculosis
most commonly impacts resp system
Can be acute, generalized or chronic, localized
TB - s/s
Pulmonary - productive cough lasting 3 wks or longer, rales, dyspnea, pain in chest and hemoptysis
Systemic weakness or fatigue, low fever,anorexia, weight loss
TB - diagnosis
POstiive skin or blood test
Disease confirmed with chest x ray, sputum sample, med hx, and phys exam
