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NPTE Other Systems > Genital/Reproductive System > Flashcards

Genital/Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

Female - Estrogen - RED FLAGS

A

Estrogen dec rate of bone resorption - OP and risk of fx inc dramatically after menopause
Estogen inc production of thyroid and inc high density lipoproteins - heart disease and stroke risk inc after menopause

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2
Q

Normal pregnancy weight gain

A

20-30 pounds

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3
Q

PTs teaching childbirth education classes - includes what

A

breathing management
relaxation training
education

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4
Q

Common changes with pregnancy

A

Postural changes - kyphosis and scap protraction, cervical lordosis/forward head, lumbar lordosis
Balance changes - COG shifts forward
Ligamentous laxity
Mm weakness - pelvic floor and abdominals
Urinary changes - increased freq
Resp = might experience dyspnea
Cardio - inc blood volume, venous pressure, HR, CO, dec BP
Altered thermoregulation - inc heat production and basal metabolic rate

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5
Q

Pregnancy related pathologies - Diastasis Recti abdominis is what

A

lateral separation or split of the rectus abdominis
separation from midline (linea alba) greater than 2cm is significant - associated with loss of abrominal wall support, inc back pain

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6
Q

Pregnancy related pathologies - Diastasis Recti abdominis - PT interventions

A

Teach protection of abdominal musculature - avoid abdominal exercises
Resume abdominal exercises once separation is less than 2 cm

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7
Q

Pregnancy related pathologies - Pelvic floor disorders - results from

A

overstretching during pregnancy and childbirth

Can result in partial or total organ prolapse with further loss of elasticity and mm tone

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8
Q

Pregnancy related pathologies - Pelvic floor disorders - prolapse - Cystocele

A

Herniation of the bladder into the vagina

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9
Q

Pregnancy related pathologies - Pelvic floor disorders - Rectocele

A

Herniation of the rectum into the vagina

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10
Q

Pregnancy related pathologies - Pelvic floor disorders - Uterine prolapse

A

The bulging of he uterus into the vagina

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11
Q

Pregnancy related pathologies - Pelvic floor disorders - RED FLAGS - pain can radiate to where

A

down posterior thigh

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12
Q

Pregnancy related pathologies - Pelvic floor disorders - PT intervention

A

Observe urinary frequency and urgency, low back and perineal pain
Strengthen PC muscles
Postural education and muscle re-ed

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13
Q

Pregnancy related pathologies - low back and pelvic pain - PT interventions

A

Teach proper body mechanics
Balance rest with activity
Emphasize use of a firm mattress
Massage, modalities for pain (no deep heat)

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14
Q

Pregnancy related pathologies - SIJ dysfunction - PT interventions

A

External stabilization

avoid single limb WB

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15
Q

Pregnancy related pathologies - Varicose veins - PT intervention

A

Elevate extremeties
Avoid crossing legs
Use of elastic support stockings might help

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16
Q

Pregnancy related pathologies - Preeclampsia is what

A

pregnancy induced acute hypertension after the 24th wk of gestation

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17
Q

Pregnancy related pathologies - Ceserean childbirth -PT interventions

A

postoperative TENS for incisional pain
Prevent postsurgical pulmonary complications
Exercises - gentle abdominal exercises, pelvic floor strengthening
Precautions with heavy lifting for 4-6 wks

18
Q

Disorders of the female reproductive system - Endometriosis is characterized by what

A

Ectopic growth and function of endometrial tissue outside of the uterus

19
Q

Disorders of the female reproductive system - Endometriosis - common sites

A

Common sites include ovaries, fallopian tubes, broad ligament, uterosacral ligaments, pelvis, vagina, intestines

20
Q

Disorders of the female reproductive system - Endometriosis - symptoms

A

pain
dysmenorrhea
dyspareunia (pain with sex)
infertility

21
Q

Disorders of the female reproductive system - Endometriosis - RED FLAGS

A

pt may complain of back pain

22
Q

Disorders of the female reproductive system - Pelvic inflammatory disease is what

A

an inflammation of the upper reproductive tract involving the uterus (endometritis) fallopian tubes (salpingitis) or ovaries (oophoritis)

23
Q

Disorders of the female reproductive system - Pelvic inflammatory disease - caused by

A

polymicrobial agent that ascends through endocervical canal

24
Q

Disorders of the female reproductive system - Pelvic inflammatory disease - symptoms

A

lower abdominal pain usually starts after menstrual cycle
purulent cervical discharge
painful cervix
fever - elevated WBC, icnreased ESR

25
Q

Disorders of the female reproductive system - Pelvic inflammatory disease - complications

A 
pelvic adhesions
infertility
ectopic pregnancy 
chronic pain
abscess
26
Q

Male - what prepares sperm for ejaculation

A

accessory glands (seminal vesciles, prostate gland, and bulbourethral glands)

27
Q

Male - the ductal system

A

epididymides, vas deferens, and ejaculatory ducts - stores and transports sperm

28
Q

Male - urethra functions in

A

elimination of urine and semen

29
Q

Male - FSH initiates

A

spermatogenesis

30
Q

Male - LH regulates

A

testosterone production

31
Q

Disorders of the male reproductive system - Erectile dysfunction (ED) - impotence is what

A

the inability to achieve and maintain erection for sexual intercourse

32
Q

Disorders of the male reproductive system - Erectile dysfunction (ED) - organic causes - Neurogenic

A 
Stroke
Cerebral trauma
SCI
MS
Parkinsons
33
Q

Disorders of the male reproductive system - Erectile dysfunction (ED) - organic causes - Hormonal

A

Dec androgen levels with hypogonadism
hypothyroidism
hypopituitarism

34
Q

Disorders of the male reproductive system - Erectile dysfunction (ED) - organic causes - Vascular

A 
hypertension
coronary heart disease
hyperlipidemia
cigarette smoking
DM
pelvic irradiation
35
Q

Disorders of the male reproductive system - Erectile dysfunction (ED) - organic causes - Drug induced

A 
Antidepressants
Antipsychotics
Antiandrogens
Antihypertensives
Amphetamines
Alcohol
36
Q

Disorders of the male reproductive system - Erectile dysfunction (ED) - surgical causes

A

Transurethral procedures
Radical prostatectomy
Proctocolectomy
Abdominoperineal resection

37
Q

Disorders of the male reproductive system - Prostatitis is what

A

infection and inflammation of the prostate gland

38
Q

Disorders of the male reproductive system - Prostatitis - types

A

acute bacterial
chronic
nonbacterial

39
Q

Disorders of the male reproductive system - Prostatitis - types - acute bacterial

A

involves UTI and is associated with catheterization and multiple sex partners
sx - urinary freq, urgency, nocturia, dysuria, urethral discharge, fever, malaise, myalgia, arthralgia, pain

40
Q

Disorders of the male reproductive system - Prostatitis - types - acute bacterial - RED FLAG

A

Dull, aching pain may be found in lower abdominal, rectal, low back, sacral or groin regions

41
Q

Disorders of the male reproductive system - Prostatitis - types - chronic

A

can also be bacterial in origin and is associated with recurrent UTIs
Sx - urinary freq with urgency, myalgia, arthralgia, pain in low back or perineal region

42
Q

Disorders of the male reproductive system - Prostatitis - types - nonbacterial

A

produces pain the penis, testicles, and scrotum
painful ejactulation, low back pain or pain in inner thighs
urinary symptoms, dec libido, and impotence

NPTE Other Systems (10 decks)

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