Infections

Question 1

what organisms usually cause iliopsoas abscess

Answer 1

blood spread or staph A

Question 2

secondary causes iliopsoas abscess

Answer 2

crohns, diverticulutis, osteomyelitis, IV drug use

Question 3

symptoms ilipsoas abscess

Answer 3

fever, flank pain, limp, weight loss

Question 4

o/e iliopsoas abscess

Answer 4

lying down and bent knee // place hand on knee and press against thigh // hyperextend affected hip –> pain

Question 5

invx ilipsoas abscess

Answer 5

CT abso

Question 6

mx ilipsoas abscess

Answer 6

abx, purcutanous drainage, surgery

Question 7

causes discitis

Answer 7

staph A, viral, TB, aseptic

Question 8

symptoms discitis

Answer 8

back pain, fever, rigors, neurologucal features

Question 9

invx discitis

Answer 9

MRI // maybe biopsy // echo for endocarditis

Question 10

mx discitis

Answer 10

6-8 weeks Iv abx //

Question 11

complications discitis

Answer 11

sepsis or epidural abscess

Question 12

where does haematogenous osteomyelitis usually occur

Answer 12

vertebral osteomyelitis

Question 13

RF haematogenous osteomyelitis

Answer 13

IV drugs, sickle cell anaemia, immunosuppresed, endocarditis, KIDS

Question 14

RF non- haematogenous osteomyelitis

Answer 14

recent trauma, diabetes, pressure sore, PAD, ADULT

Question 15

organisms osteomyelitis

Answer 15

staph A - (except sickle anaemia salmonella)

Question 16

invx osteomyelitis

Answer 16

MRI

Question 17

mx osteomyelitis

Answer 17

fluclox 6 weeks (clindamycin if allergic)

Question 18

most common cause + organism septic arthritis

Answer 18

staph A - (gonorrhoea also common) // blood spread acc most common cause

Question 19

most common joint septic arthritis adults vs kids

Answer 19

adults = knees // kids = hip, knee, ankle

Question 20

symptoms septic arthritis

Answer 20

acute swollen, warm, joint with restricted movement // fever // limp

Question 21

invx septic arthritis

Answer 21

synovial sample - WCC // blood cultures //

Question 22

criteria for diagnosing septic arthritis in kids

Answer 22

Kocher: fever < 38.5 // WCC in joint aspiration // raised ESR // non-weight bearing

Question 23

mx septic arthritis

Answer 23

IV fluclox (or clinda) for 4-6 weeks –> 2 weeks oral

Question 24

RF prosthetic joint infection

Answer 24

obese, T2DM, RA

Question 25

organism prosthetic joint infection

Answer 25

staph epi!! // staph A, e.coli, pseudomonas

Question 26

mx infected prosthetic joint

Answer 26

remove, 6 weeks abx (usually vancomycin)

Question 27

what organism causes tetanus + where is it found

Answer 27

clostridium tetani // the soil

Question 28

RF tetanus

Answer 28

IV drug use

Question 29

symptoms tetanus

Answer 29

prodrome fever, headache // trismus // faical spasm // deformed back // spasms

Question 30

what does the toxin from tetanus inhibit

Answer 30

GABA (inhibitory pathway)

Question 31

mx tetanus

Answer 31

muscle relaxants // IM Ig // metrodinazole